Research

References for Magnificent Mind at Any Age

Alzheimer’s Disease

54Lee, Y.C., et al. Statistical parametric mapping of brain SPECT perfusion abnormalities in patient with Alzheimer’s disease. Eur Neurol. 2003; 49(3): 142-5.

55Nagahama, Y., et al. Cerebral correlates of the progression rate of the cognitive decline in probable Alzheimer’s disease. Eur Neurol. 2003; 50(1): 1-9.

56Troller, J.N., et al. Regional cerebral blood flow deficits in mild Alzheimer’s disease using high resolution single photon emission computerized tomography. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2005 June; 59(3): 280-90.

57Kasama, S., et al. Cerebral blood flow in Parkinson’s disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, and Alzheimer’s disease according to three-dimensional stereotactic surface projection imaging. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2005; 19(5-6): 266-75.

112Cummings, J.L., Doody, R., & Ckark, C. Disease-modifying therapies for Alzheimer disease: challenges to early intervention. Neurology. 2007 Oct 16; 69(16): 1622-34.

Gingko
86Birks, J., & Grimley Evans, J. Gingko biloba for cognitive impairment and dementia. Cochrane Database Syst. Rev. 2007 Apr 18; (2): CD003120.

87Perry, E.K., et al. Medicinal plants and Alzheimer’s disease: Integrating ethnobotanical and contemporary scientific evidence. J Altern Complement Med. 1998 Winter; 4(4): 419-28.

296Farlow, M.R., Miller, M.L., & Pejovic, V. Treatment options in Alzheimer’s disease: maximizing benefit, managing expectations. Dement Geriatr Cogn Disord. 2008; 25(5): 408-22.
297Coll, P.P., et al. Diagnosis and management of Alzheimer’s disease. Conn Med. 2003 Sep; 67(8): 505-10.

Huperazine
47Zhang, Z., et al. Clincial efficacy and safety of huperzine Alpha in treatment of mild to moderate Alzheimer disease, a placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized trial. Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2002 Jul 25: 82(14): 941-4.

48Sun, Q., et al. Huperzine-A capsules enhance memory and learning performance in 34 pairs of matched adolescent students. Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao. 1999 Jul; 20(7): 601-3.

49Ved, H., et al. Huperzine A, a potential therapeutic agent for dementia, reduces neuronal cell death caused by glutamate. NeuroReport. 1997 Mar; 8(4): 963-967.

50Xu, S., et al. Efficacy of tablet huperzine-A on memory, cognition, and behavior in Alzheimer’s disease. Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao. 1995 Sep; 16(5): 391-5.

83Lin, H.Q., et al. Anti-acetylcholinesterase activities of traditional Chinese medicine for treating Alzheimer’s disease. Chem Biol Interact. 2008 Jun 23.

84Wang, R., Yan, H., & Tang, X.C. Progress in studies of huperzine A, a natural cholinesterase inhibitor from Chinese herbal medicine. Acta Pharmacol Sin. 2006 Jan; 27(1): 1-26.

85Cheng, D.H., Ren, H., & Tang, X.C. Huperzine A, a novel promising acetylcholinestrase inhibitor. Neuroreport. 1996 Dec 20; 8(1): 97-101.
298Li, J., et al. Huperzine A for Alzheimer’s disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2008 Apr 16; (2).
299Little, J.T., et al. An update on huperzine A as a treatment for Alzheimer’s disease. Expert Opin Investig Drugs. 2008 Feb; 17(2): 209-15.
300Zangara, A. The psychopharmacology of huperzine A: an alkaloid with cognitive enhancing and neuroprotective properties of interest in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2003 Jun; 75(3): 675-86.
301Howes, M.J., Perry, N.S., & Houghton, P.J. Plants with traditional uses and activities, relevant to the management of Alzheimer’s disease and other cognitive disorders. Phytother Res. 2003 Jan; 17(1): 1-18.
302Camps, P., Munoz- Torrero, D. Tacrine-huperzine A hybrids (huprines): a new class of highly potent and selective acetylcholinesterase inhibitors of interest for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Mini Rev Med Chem. 2001 Jul; 1(2): 163-74.
303Xu, S.S., et al. Huperzine A in capsules and tablets for treating patients with Alzheimer’s disease. Zhongguo Yao Li Xue Bao. 1999 Jun; 20(6): 486-90.
304Bai, D.L., Tang, X.C., & He, X.C. Huperzine A, a potential therapeutic agent for treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. Curr Med Chem. 2000 Mar; 7(3): 355-74.
Hypnosis
136Amen, D.G., Wain, H., & Jabbari, B. The effects of hypnosis on a parkinsonian tremor: a case report with polygraph/EEG recordings. Am J Clin Hypn. 1990 Oct; 33(2): 94-8.

 

Attention Deficit Disorder/Prefrontal Cortex(Impulse Control)

11 Arnsten AF.   Stimulants: Therapeutic actions in ADHD.   Neuropsychopharmacology. 2006 Nov;31(11):2376-83.

2 Lee JS, Kim BN, Kang E, Lee DS, Kim YK, Chung JK, Lee MC, Cho SC.   Regional cerebral blood flow in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: comparison before and after methylphenidate treatment.   Hum Brain Mapp. 2005 Mar;24(3):157-64.

3 Bonelli RM, Cummings JL.   Frontal-subcortical circuitry and behavior.   Dialogues Clin Neurosci. 2007;9(2):141-51.

4 Zametkin AJ, Nordahl TE, Gross M, King AC, Semple WE, Rumsey J, Hamburger S, Cohen RM.   Cerebral glucose metabolism in adults with hyperactivity of childhood onset.   N Engl J Med. 1990 Nov 15;323(20):1361-6.

5 Lou HC, Henriksen L, Bruhn P.   Focal cerebral hypoperfusion in children with dysphasia and/or attention deficit disorder.   Arch Neurol. 1984 Aug;41(8):825-9.

6 Amen DG, Carmichael BD.   High-resolution brain SPECT imaging in ADHD.   Ann Clin Psychiatry. 1997 Jun;9(2):81-6.

20Differentiating AD/HD from Healthy Controls Using Brain SPECT Imaging in Older Patients, Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, June 2008, Volume 40, No. 2.

2 Kessler RC, Adler L, Barkley R, Biederman J, Conners CK, Demler O, Faraone SV, Greenhill LL, Howes MJ, Secnik K, Spencer T, Ustun TB, Walters EE, Zaslavsky AM: The prevalence and correlates of adult ADHD in the United States: results from the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. Am J Psychiatry 2006; 163:716″“723

22 Silver LB. Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in adult life. Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 2000:9:3: 411-523.

43Gailliot MT, Baumeister RF. The physiology of willpower: linking blood glucose to self-control. Pers Soc Psychol Rev. 2007 Nov;11(4):303-27.

44Bell SJ, Goodrick GK.   A functional food product for the management of weight. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2002 Mar;42(2):163-78.

45Cangiano C, Laviano A, Del Ben M, Preziosa I, Angelico F, Cascino A, Rossi-Fanelli F.   Effects of oral 5-hydroxy-tryptophan on energy intake and macronutrient selection in non-insulin dependent diabetic patients. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord. 1998 Jul;22(7):648-54

60Lewis, M.D., Granic, I., & Lamm, C. Behavioral differences in aggressive children linked with neural mechanisms of emotional regulation. Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2006 Dec; 109: 178-92.

61Campbell, W.K., et al. A magnetencephalography investigation of neural correlates for social exclusion and self-control. Soc Neurosci. 2006; 1(2): 124-34.

62Seitz, R.J., Nickel, J., & Azari, N.P. Functional modularity of the medial prefrontal cortex: involvement in human empathy. Neuropsychology. 2006 Nov; 20(6): 743-51.

63Wagner, A., et al. Neural correlates of habituation to taste stimuli in healthy women. Psychiatry Res. 2006 Jun 30; 147(1): 56-67.

64Uher, R., et al. Effect of left prefrontal repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on food craving. Biol Psychiatry. 2005 Nov 15; 58(10): 840-2.

65Davis, C., et al. Decision making deficits of overeating: a risk model for obesity. Obes Res. 2004 Jun; 12(6): 929-35.

66Moll, J. et al. The self as a moral agent: linking the neural basis of social agency and moral sensitivity. Soc Neurosci. 2007; 2(3-4): 336-52.

73Hanaoka, N., et al. Deactivation and activation of left frontal lobe during and after low frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation over right prefrontal cortex: a near-infrared spectroscopy study. Neurosci Lett. 2007 Mar 6; 414(2): 99-104.

74Lui, K.R., et al. Near infrared spectroscopy study of language activated hyper- and hypo- oxygenation in human prefrontal cortex. Int J Neurosci. 2008 May; 118(5): 657-66.

75Mainy, N., et al. Cortical dynamics of word recognition. Hum Brain Mapp. 2007 Aug 21.

76Lachaux, J.P., et al. Silence is golden: transient neural deactivation in the prefrontal cortex during attentive reading. Cereb Cortex. 2008 Feb; 18(2): 443-50.

101Peirano, P.D., & Algarin, C.R. Sleep in brain development. Biol Res. 2007; 40(4): 471-8.

133http://allpsych.com/disorders/dsm.html
  
Natural Ways to Help ADD

Zinc
25 Krause J. SPECT and PET of the dopamine transporter in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Expert Rev Neurother. 2008 Apr;8(4):611-25. Review.

26Curtis LT, Patel K. Nutritional and environmental approaches to preventing and treating autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a review.   J Altern Complement Med. 2008 Jan-Feb;14(1):79-85. Review.

27Bilici M, Yildirim F, Kandil S, BekaroÄŸlu M, YildirmiÅŸ S, DeÄŸer O, Ulgen M, Yildiran A, Aksu H.   Double-blind, placebo-controlled study of zinc sulfate in the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.   Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2004 Jan;28(1):181-90.

Eliminating food dyes/additives
28McCann D, Barrett A, Cooper A, Crumpler D, Dalen L, Grimshaw K, Kitchin E, Lok K, Porteous L, Prince E, Sonuga-Barke E, Warner JO, Stevenson J.   Food additives and hyperactive behaviour in 3-year-old and 8/9-year-old children in the community: a randomised, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial.   Lancet. 2007 Nov 3;370(9598):1560-7.

29Pelsser LM, Frankena K, Toorman J, Savelkoul HF, Pereira RR, Buitelaar JK.   A randomised controlled trial into the effects of food on ADHD. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry. 2008 Apr 21.

Fish Oil
30Johnson M, Ostlund S, Fransson G, Kadesjö B, Gillberg C.   Omega-3/Omega-6 Fatty Acids for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial in Children and Adolescents. J Atten Disord. 2008 Apr 30

31Richardson AJ, Montgomery P. The Oxford-Durham study: a randomized, controlled trial of dietary supplementation with fatty acids in children with developmental coordination disorder.   Pediatrics. 2005 May;115(5):1360-6.

32Sinn N, Bryan J, Wilson C. Cognitive effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder symptoms: A randomised controlled trial.   Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2008 May 29.

285Vaisman, N., et al. Correlation between changes in blood fatty acid composition and visual sustained attention performance in children with inattention: effect of dietary n-3 fatty acids containing phospholipids. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 May; 87(5): 1170-80.
286Colter, A.L., Cutler, C., & Meckling, K.A. Fatty acid status and behavioural symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in adolescents: a case-control study. Nutr J. 2008 Feb 14; 7:8.
287Curtis, L.T., Patel, K. Nutritional and environmental approaches to preventing and treating autism and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): a review. J Altern Complement Med. 2008 Jan-Feb; 14(1): 79-85.
288Sorgi, P.J., et al. Effects of an open-label pilot study with high dose EPA/DHA concentrates on plasma phospholipids and behavior in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Nutr J. 2007 Jul 13; 6: 16.
289Assisi, A., et al. Fish oil and mental health: the role of n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in cognitive development and neurological disorders. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 2006 Nov; 21(6): 319-36.
290Antalis, C.J., et al. Omega-3 fatty acid status in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2006 Oct-Nov; 75(4-5): 299-308.
291Richardson, A.J. Omega-3 fatty acids in ADHD and related neurodevelopmental disorders. Int Rev Psychiatry. 2006 Apr; 18(2): 155-72.
292Young, G.S., Conquer, J.A., & Thomas, R. Effect of randomized supplementation with high dose olive, flax, or fish oil on serum phospholipid fatty acid levels in adults with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Reprod Nutr Dev. 2005 Sep-Oct; 45(5): 549-58.
293Chen, J.R., et al. Dietary patterns and blood fatty acid composition in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in Taiwan. J Nutr Biochem. Aug; 15(8): 467-72.
294Haag, M. Essential fatty acids and the brain. Can J Psychiatry. 2003 Apr; 48(3): 195-203.
295Mitchell, E.A., et al. Clinical characteristics and serum essential fatty acid levels in hyperactive children. Clin Pediatr. 1987 Aug; 26(8): 406-11.

Mood Disorders (Depression)

Fish Oil
35Freeman MP, Hibbeln JR, Wisner KL, Brumbach BH, Watchman M, Gelenberg AJ   Randomized dose-ranging pilot trial of omega-3 fatty acids for postpartum depression.   Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2006 Jan;113(1):31-5.

36Grenyer,-B-F; Crowe,-T; Meyer,-B; Owen,-A-J; Grigonis-Deane,-E-M; Caputi,-P; Howe,-P-R     Fish oil supplementation in the treatment of major depression: a randomised double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Prog-Neuropsychopharmacol-Biol-Psychiatry. 2007 Oct 1; 31(7): 1393-6

37Hallahan B, Hibbeln JR, Davis JM, Garland MR. Omega-3 fatty acid supplementation in patients with recurrent self-harm. Single-centre double-blind randomised controlled trial. Br J Psychiatry. 2007 Feb;190:118-22.

38Jazayeri S, Tehrani-Doost M, Keshavarz SA, Hosseini M, Djazayery A, Amini H, Jalali M, Peet M. Comparison of therapeutic effects of omega-3 fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid and fluoxetine, separately and in combination, in major depressive disorder. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2008 Mar;42(3):192-8.

39Lin PY, Su KP.   A meta-analytic review of double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of antidepressant efficacy of omega-3 fatty acids. J Clin Psychiatry. 2007 Jul;68(7):1056-61.

40Nemets H, Nemets B, Apter A, Bracha Z, Belmaker RH. Omega-3 treatment of childhood depression: a controlled, double-blind pilot study. Am J Psychiatry. 2006 Jun;163(6):1098-100.

41Wozniak J, Biederman J, Mick E, Waxmonsky J, Hantsoo L, Best C, Cluette-Brown JE, Laposata M.   Omega-3 fatty acid monotherapy for pediatric bipolar disorder: a prospective open-label trial. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2007 May-Jun;17(6-7):440-7.

68van der Watt, G., Laugharne, J., & Janca, A. Complentary and alternative medicine in the treatment of anxiety and depression. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2008 Jan; 21(1): 37-42.

70Antypa, N., et al. Omega-3 fatty acids (fish oil) and depression related cognition in healthy volunteers. J Psychopharmacol. 2008 Jul 17.

81Parker, G., et al. Omega-3 fatty acids and mood disorders. Am J Psychiatry. 2006 Nov; 163(11): 2018.

168Su, K.P., et al. Omega 3 fatty acids for major depressive disorder during pregnancy: results from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Clin Psychiatry. 2008 Apr; 69(4): 644-51.

169Sarri, K.O., et al. Adipose DHA adversely associated with depression as measured by the Beck Depression Inventory. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2008 Feb; 78(2): 117-22.

170Rees, A.M., Austin, M.P., & Parker, G.B. Omega-3 fatty acids as a treatment for perinatal depression: randomized double-blind placebo controlled trial. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2008 May; 42(3): 199-203.

171Jazayeri, S., et al. Comparison of therapeutic effects of omega-3 fatty acid eicosapentaeonic acid and fluoxetine, separately and in combination, in major depressive disorder. Aust N Z J Psychiatry. 2008 Mar; 42(3): 192-8.

172Stahl, L.A., et al. The role of omega-3 fatty acids in mood disorders. Curr Opin Investig Drugs. 2008 Jan; 9(1): 57-64.

173Lin, P.Y., & Su, K.P. A meta-analytic review of double-blind, placebo-controlled trials of antidepressant efficacy of omega-3 fatty acids. J Clin Psychiatry. 2007 Jul; 68(7): 1056-61.

174Severus, W.E. Effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on depression. Herz. 2006 Dec; 31: Suppl 3.

175Raeder, M.B., et al. Associations between cod liver oil use and symptoms of depression: the Hordaland Health Study. J Affect Disord. 2007 Aug; 101(1-3): 245-9.

176Nemets, H., et al. Omega-3 treatment of childhood depression: a controlled double blind pilot study. Am J Psychiatry. 2006 Jun; 163(6): 1098-100.

177Parker, G., et al. Omega-3 fatty acids and mood disorders. Am J Psychiatry. 2006 Jun; 163(6): 969-78.

178Williams, A.L., et al. Do essential fatty acids have a role in the treatment of depression? J Affec Disord. 2006 Jul; 93(1-3): 117-23.

179Sontrop, J., & Campbell, M.K. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and depression: a review of the evidence and the methodological critique. Prev Med. 2006 Jan; 42(1): 4-13.

180Pouwer, F., et al. Fat food for a bad mood: Could we treat and prevent depression in Type 2 diabetes by means of Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids? A review of the evidence. Diabet Med. 2005 Nov; 22(11): 1465-75.

181Osher, Y., Bersudsky, Y., & Belmaker, R.H. Omega-3 eicosapentaenoic acid in bipolar depression: report of a small open label study. J Clin Psychiatry. 2005 Jun; 66(6): 726-9.

182Ohara, K. Omega-3 fatty acids in mood disorders. Seishin Shinkeigaku Zasshi. 2005; 107(2): 118-26.

183Bourre, J.M. Dietary omega-3 Fatty acids and psychiatry: mood, behaviour, stress, depression, dementia, and aging. J Nutr Health Aging. 2005; 9(1): 31-8.

184Su, K.P., et al. Omega-3 fatty acids in major depressive disorder. A preliminary double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2003 Aug; 13(4): 267-71.

185Chiu, C.C., et al. Omega-3 fatty acids for depression in pregnancy. Am J Psychiatry. 2003 Feb; 160(2): 385.

186Gitlin, M.J. Treatment-resistant bipolar disorder. Bull Menninger Clin. 2001 Winter; 65(1): 26-40.
187Maidment, I.D. Are fish oils an effective therapy in mental illness””an analysis of the data. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2000 Jul; 102(1): 3-11.

188Bruinsma, K.A., & Taren, D.L. Dieting, essential fatty acid intake, and depression. Nutr Rev. 2000 Apr; 58(4): 98-108.

189Maes, M., et al. Lowered omega3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in serum phospholipids and cholestryl esters of depressed patients. Psychiatry Res. 1999 Mar 22; 85(3): 275-91.

190Edwards, R., et al. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid levels in the diet and in red blood cell membranes of depressed patients. J Affect Disord. 1998 Mar; 48(2-3): 149-55.

 

St. John’s wort
67Zhou, S.F., & Lai, X. An update on clinical drug interactions with the herbal antidepressant St. John’s wort. Curr Drug Metab. 2008 June; 9(5): 394-409.

68van der Watt, G., Laugharne, J., & Janca, A. Complentary and alternative medicine in the treatment of anxiety and depression. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2008 Jan; 21(1): 37-42.

69Kasper, S., et al. Efficacy of St. John’s wort extract WS 5570 in acute treatment of mild depression: a reanalysis of data from controlled clinical trials. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2008 Feb; 258(1): 59-63.
153Morgan, A.J., & Jorm, A.F. Self-help interventions for depressive disorders and depressive symptoms: A systematic review. Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2008 Aug 19; 7(1): 13.

154Kasper, S., et al. Continuation and long term maintanence treatment with Hypericum extract WS 5570 after recovery from an acute episode of moderate depression. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled long-term trial. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2008 Aug 9.

155Andreescu, C., Mulsant, B.H., & Emanuel, J.E. Complementary and alternative medicine in the treatment of bipolar disorder ““ A review of the evidence. J Affect Disord. 2008 Sep; 110(1-2): 16-26.

156Mischoulon, D. Update and critique of natural remedies as antidepressant treatments. Psychiatr Clin North Am. 2007 Mar; 30(1):51-68.

157Pilkington, K., Boshnakova, A., Richardson, J. St. John’s wort for depression: time for a different perspective? Complement Ther Med. 2006 Dec; 14(4): 268-81.

158Jorm, A.F., et al. Effectiveness of complementary and self-help treatments for depression in children and adolescents. Med J Aust. 2006 Oct 2; 185(7): 368-72.

159Randlov, C., et al. The efficacy of St. John’s Wort in patients with minor depressive symptoms or dysthimia””a double blind placebo controlled study. Phytomedicine. 2006 Mar; 13(4): 215-21.

160Ernst, E. St. John’s wort is at least as effective as paroxetine in reducing severity of depression and is better tolerated. Evid Based Ment Health. 2005 Nov; 8(4): 107.

161Fava, M., et al. A Double- blind, randomized trial of St. John’s wort, fluoxetine, and placebo in major depressive disorder. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2005 Oct; 25(5): 441-7.

162Brown, R.P., & Gerbarq, P.L. Herbs and nutrients in the treatment of depression, anxiety, insomnia, migraine and obesity. J Psychiatr Pract. 2001 Mar; 7(2): 75-91.

163Simeon, J., et al. Open- label pilot study of St. John’s wort in adolescent depression. J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol. 2005 Apr; 15(2): 293-301.

164Szegedi, A., et al. Acute treatment of moderate to severe depression with hypericum extract WS 5570 (St. John’s wort): a randomized controlled double blind non-inferiority trial versus paroxetine. BMJ. 2005 Mar 5; 330(7490): 503.

165Freeman, M.P., Helgason, C., & Hill, R.A. Selective integrative medicine treatments for depression: considerations for women. J Am Med Womens Assoc. 2004 Summer; 59(3): 216-24.

166Yang, D.P., Gan, L.C., & Hu, H.Y. Discussion on clinical efficacy of Hypericum perforatum for depression abroad. Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Xue Bao. 2004 May; 2(3): 231-4; 238.

167Mennini, T., & Gobbi, M. The antidepressant mechanism of Hypericum perforatum. Life Sci. 2004 Jul 16; 75(9): 1021-7.

SAMe
128Fava, M., et al. Rapidity of onset of the antidepressant effect of of parenteral S-adenosylmethionine. Psychiatry Res. 1995 Apr 28; 56(3): 295-7.

129Muller, N., et al. Duloxetine in the treatment of major psychiatric and neuropathic disorders. Expert Rev Neurother. 2008 Apr; 8(4): 527-36.

125Shippy, R.A., et al. S-adenosylmethionine (SAM-e) for the treatment of depression in people living with HIV/AIDS. BMC Psychiatry. 2004 Nov 11; 4:38.

126Alpert, J.E., et al. S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAMe) as an adjunct for resistant major depressive disorder: an open trial following partial or nonresponse to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors or venlaflaxine. J Clin Psychopharmacol. 2004 Dec; 24(6): 661-4.

305Bogarapu, S., et al. Complementary medicines in pediatric bipolar disorder. Minerva Pediatr. 2008 Feb; 60(1): 103-14.

306Jorm, A.F., et al. Effectiveness of complementary and self-help treatments for depression in children and adolescents. Med J Aust. 2006 Oct 2; 185(7): 368-72.

307Williams, A.L., et al. S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) as treatment for depression: a systematic review. Clin Invest Med. 2005 Jun; 28(3): 132-9.

308Freeman, M.P., Helgason, C., & Hill, R.A. Selected integrative medicine treatments for depression: considerations for women. J Am Med Womens Assoc. 2004 Summer; 59(3): 216-24.

309Young, S.N. Are SAMe and 5-HTP safe and effective treatments for depression? J Psychiatry Neurosci. 2003 Nov; 28(6): 471.

310Hardy, M.L., et al. S-adenosyl-L-methionine for treatment of depression, osteoarthritis, and liver disease. Evid Rep Technol Assess. 2003 Aug; 64: 1-3.

311Pancheri, P., Scapicchio, P., & Chiaie, R.D. A double blind, randomized, parallel-group, efficacy and safety study of intramuscular S-adenosyl-L-methionine 1, 4-butanedisulphonate (SAMe) versus imipramine in patients with major depressive disorder. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol. 2002 Dec; 5(4): 287-94.

312Mischoulon, D., & Fava, M. Role of S-adenosyl-L-methionine in the treatment of depression: a review of the evidence. Am J Clin Nutr. 2002 Nov; 76(5): 1158S-61S.

313Nguyen, M., & Gregan, A. S-adenosylmethionine and depression. Aust Fam Physician. 2002 Apr; 31(4): 339-43.

314Fetro, C.W., & Avila, J.R. Efficacy of the dietary supplement S-adenosyl-L-methionine. Ann Pharmacother. 2001 Nov; 35(11): 1414-25.

315Di Rocco, A., et al. S-Adenosyl-Methionine improves depression in patients with Parkinson’s disease in an open-label clinical trial. Mov Disord. 2000 Nov; 15(6): 1225-9.

316Bottiglieri, T., Hyland, K., & Reynolds, E.H. The clinical potential of ademetionine (S-adenosylmethionine) in neurological disorders. Drugs 1994 Aug; 48(2): 137-52.

317Bressa, G.M. S-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAMe) as antidepressant: meta-analysis of clinical studies. Acta Neurol Scand Suppl. 1994; 154: 7-14.
318Bell, K.M., et al. S-adenosylmethionine blood levels in major depression: changes with drug treatment. Acta Neurol Scand Suppl. 1994; 154: 15-8.

319Salmaggi, P., et al. Double-blind, placebo controlled study of S-adenosyl-L-methionine in depressed postmenopausal women. Psychother Psychosom. 1993; 59(1): 34-40.

320Kagan, B.L., et al. Oral S-adenosylmethionine in depression: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Am J Psychiatry. 1990 May; 147(5): 591-5.

321Rosenbaum, J.F., et al. The antidepressant potential of oral S-adenosylmethionine. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 1990 May; 81(5): 432-6.

322Fava, M., et al. Neuroendocrine effects of S-adenosyl-L-methionine: a novel putative antidepressant. J Psychiatr Res. 1990; 24(2): 177-84.

323Bell, K.M., et al. S-adenosylmethionine treatment for depression:   controlled clinical trial. Am J Psychiatry. 1988 Sep; 145(9): 1110-4.

324Lipinski, J.F., et al. Open trial of S-adenosylmethionine for treatment of depression. Am J Psychiatry. 1984 Mar; 141(3): 448-50.

325Mantero, M., et al. Controlled, double-blind study (SAMe-imipramine) in depressive syndromes. Minerva Med. 1975 Nov 17; 66(78): 4098-101.

Anxiety

Hypnosis
92Fern, P.A. Hypnosis to alleviate perioperative anxiety and stress: a journey for challenging ideas. J Perioper Pract. 2008 Jan; 18(1): 14-6.

93Schnur, J.B., et al. Hypnosis decreases presurgical distress in excisional breast biopsy patients. Anesth Analg. 2008 Feb; 106(2): 440-4.

326Sierpina, V., et al. Use of mind-body therapies in psychiatry and family medicine faculty and residents: attitudes, barriers, and gender differences. Explore. 2007 Mar-Apr; 3(2): 129-35.

327Uman, L.S., et al. Psychological interventions for needle-related procedural pain and distress in children and adolescents. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006 Oct 18; (4).

328Ridley, A.M., & Clifford, B.R. Suggestibility and state anxiety: how the two concepts relate in a source identification paradigm. Memory. 2006 Jan; 14(1): 37-45.

329Butler, L.D., et al. Hypnosis reduces distress and duration of an invasive medical procedure for children. Pediatrics. 2005 Jan; 115(1): e77-85.

330Lambert, S.A. The effects of hypnosis/guided imagery on the postoperative course of children. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 1996 Oct; 17(5): 307-10.

331Stanton, H.F. Using hypnotherapy to overcome examination anxiety. Am J Clin Hypn. 1993 Jan; 35(3): 198-204.

332Wright, F.A., et al. A national survey of dentists’ management of children with anxiety or behaviour problems. Aust Dent J. 1991 Oct; 36(5): 378-83.

Meditation
94Wacholtz, A.B., & Pargament, K.I. Migraines and meditation: does spirituality matter? J Behav Med. 2008 Aug; 31(4): 351-66.

95Manzoni, G.M., et al. Relaxation training for anxiety: a ten years systematic review with meta-analysis. BMC Psychiatry. 2008 Jun 2; 8: 41.

96Evans, S., et al. Mindfulness based cognitive therapy for generalized anxiety disorder. J Anxiety Disord. 2008 May; 22(4): 716-21.

333Rungreangkulkij, S., & Wongtakee, W. The psychological impact of Buddhist counseling for patients suffering from symptoms of anxiety. Arch Psychiatr Nurs. 2008 Jun; 22(3): 127-34.

334Jorm, A.F., Morgan, A.J., & Wright, A. Interventions that are helpful for depression and anxiety in young people: A comparison of clinicians’ beliefs with those of youth and their parents. J Affect Disord. 2008 Apr 12.

335Praissman, S. Minfulness-based stress reduction: a literature review and clinician’s guide. J Am Acad Nurs Pract. 2008 Apr; 20(4): 212-6.

336Davis, L.W., Strasburger, A.M., & Brown, L.F. Mindfulness: an intervention for anxiety in Schizophrenia. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv. 2007 Nov; 45(11): 23-9.

337Coppola, F. Effects of natural stress relief meditation on trait anxiety: a pilot study. Psychol Rep. 2007 Aug; 101(1): 130-4.

338Williams, J.M., et al. Mindfulness-based Cognitive Therapy (MBCT) in bipolar disorder: preliminary evaluation of immediate effects on between-episode functioning. J Affect Disord. 2008 Apr; 107(1-3): 275-9.

339Toneatto, T., & Nguyen, L. Does mindfulness meditation improve anxiety and mood symptoms? A review of the controlled research. Can J Psychiatry. 2007 Apr; 52(4): 260-6.

340Lee, S.H., et al. Effectiveness of a meditation-based stress management program as an adjunct to pharmacotherapy in patients with anxiety disorder. J Psychosom Res. 2007 Feb; 62(2): 189-95.

341Gupta, N., et al. Effect of yoga based lifestyle intervention on state and trait anxiety. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 2006 Jan-Mar; 50(1): 41-7.
342Kempainen, J.K., et al. Strategies for self-management of HIV-related anxiety. AIDS Care. 2006 Aug; 18(6): 597-607.

343Krisanaprakornkit, T., et al. Meditation therapy for anxiety disorders. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006 Jan 25;
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344Brown, R.P., & Gerbarg, P.L. Sudarshan Kriya Yogic breathing in the treatment of stress, anxiety, and depression. Part II””clinical applications and guidelines. J Altern Complement Med. 2005 Aug; 11(4): 711-7.

345Dang, G., & Cassileth, B.R. Integrative oncology: complementary therapies for pain, anxiety, and mood disturbance. CA Cancer J Clin. 2005 Mar-Apr; 55(2): 109-16.

346Jorm, A.F., et al. Effectiveness of complementary and self-help treatments for anxiety disorders. Med J Aust. 2004 Oct 4; 181( Suppl 7): S29-46.

347Tacon, A.M., et al. Mindfulness meditation, anxiety reduction, and heart disease:   pilot study. Fam Community Health. 2003 Jan-Mar; 26(1): 25-33.

348Goisman, R.M., et al. Psychosocial treatment prescriptions for generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, and social phobia, 1991-1996. Am J Psychiatry. 1999 Nov; 156(11): 1819-21.

349Shapiro, S.L., et al. Effects of mindfulness-based stress reduction on medical and premedical students. J Behav Med. 1998 Dec; 21(6): 581-99.

350Kabat-Zinn, J., et al. Effectiveness of meditation-based stress reduction program in the treatment of anxiety disorders. Am J Psychiatry. 1992 Jul; 149(7): 936-43.

351Eppley, K.R., Abrams, A.I., & Shear, J. Differential effects of relaxation techniques on trait anxiety: a meta-analysis. J Clin Psychol. 1989 Nov; 45(6): 957-74.

352Soskis, D.A., et al. Self-hypnosis and meditation for stress management:   brief communication. Int J Clin Exp Hypn. 1989 Oct; 37(4): 285-9.

353Newbury, C.R. Tension and relaxation in the individual. Int Dent J. 1979 Jun; 29(2): 173-82.

354Thomas, D., & Abbas, K.A. Comparison of transcendental meditation and progressive relaxation in reducing anxiety. Br Med J. 1978 Dec 23-30; 2(6154): 1749.
355Dillbeck, M.C. The effect of the Transcendental Meditation technique on anxiety level. J Clin Psychol. 1977 Oct; 33(4): 1076-8.

356Puryear, H.B., et al. Anxiety reduction associated with meditation: home study. Percept Mot Skills. 1976 Oct; 42(43): 527-31.

357Meares, A. The relief of anxiety through relaxing meditation. Aust Fam Physician. 1976 Aug; 5(7): 906-10.

Kava kava
100Conner, K.M., et al. Kava in generalized anxiety disorder: three placebo-controlled trials. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 2006 Sep; 21(5): 249-53.

101Peirano, P.D., & Algarin, C.R. Sleep in brain development. Biol Res. 2007; 40(4): 471-8.

102 Witte, S., et al. Meta-analysis of the efficacy of the acetonic kava-kava extract WS1490 in patients with non-psychotic anxiety disorders. Phytotherapy Res. 2005 Mar; 19: 183-8.

103Jacobs, B.P., et al. An internet-based placebo-controlled trial of kava and valerian for anxiety and insomnia. Medicine. 2005 Jul; 84(4): 197-207.

104Lehrl, S. Clinical efficacy of kava extract WS 1490 in sleep disturbances associated with anxiety disorders. Results of a multi-center, randomized, placebo-controlled, double blind clinical trial. J Affective Disord. 2004 Dec; 83(2-3): 287.

105Geier, F.P., & Konstantinowicz, T. Kava treatment in patients with anxiety. Phytotherapy Res. 2004 Apr; 18(4): 297-300.

358Gounder, R. Kava consumption and its health effects. Pac Health Dialog. 2006 Sep; 13(2): 131-5.

359Hidalgo, R.B., Tupler, L.A., & Davidson, J.R. An effect-size analysis of pharmacologic treatments for generalized anxiety disorder.

360Saeed, S.A., Bloch, R.M., & Antonacci, D.J. Herbal and dietary supplements for treatment of anxiety disorders. Am Fam Physician. 2007 Aug 15; 76(4): 549-56.

361Geller, S.E., & Studee, L. Botanical and dietary supplements for mood and anxiety in menopausal women. Menopause. 2007 May-Jun; 13(3 Pt 1): 541-9.

362Connor, K.M., Payne, V., & Davidson, J.R. Kava in generalized anxiety disorder: three placebo controlled trials. Int Clin Psychopharmacol. 2006 Sep; 21(5): 249-53.

363Ernst, E. Herbal remedies for anxiety ““ a systematic review of controlled trials. Phytomedicine. 2006 Feb; 13(3): 205-8.

364Brown, R.P., & Gerbarg, P.L. Herbs and nutrients in the treatment of depression, anxiety, insomnia, migraine and obesity. J Psychiatr Pract. 2001 Mar; 7(2): 75-91.

365Gastpar, M., & Klimm, H.D. Treatment of anxiety, tension and restlessness states with Kava special extract WS 1490 in general practice: a randomized placebo-controlled double-blind multicenter trial. Phytomedicine. 2003 Nov; 10(8): 631-9.

366Cagnacci, A., et al. Kava-Kava administration reduces anxiety in perimenopausal women. Maturitas. 2003 Feb 25; 44(2): 103-9.

367Pittler, M.H., & Ernst, E. Kava extract for treating anxiety. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2003; (1).

368Singh, Y.N., Singh, N.N. Therapeutic potential of kava in the treatment of anxiety disorders. CNS Drugs. 2002; 16(11): 731-43.

369Boerner, R.J. Kava kava in the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder, simple phobia, and specific social phobia. Phytother Res. 2001 Nov; 15(7): 646-7.

370Muller, B., & Komorek, R. Treatment with Kava””the root to combat stress. Wien Med Wochenschr. 1999; 149(8-10): 197-201.

371Scherer, J. Kava-kava extract in anxiety disorders: an outpatient observational study. Adv Ther. 1998 Jul-Aug; 15(4): 261-9.

372Volz, H.P., & Kieser, M. Kava-kava extract WS 1490 versus placebo in anxiety disorders””a randomized placebo-controlled 25 week outpatient trial. Pharmacopsychiatry. 1997 Jan; 30(1): 1-5.

Lavender Aromatherapy
68van der Watt, G., Laugharne, J., & Janca, A. Complentary and alternative medicine in the treatment of anxiety and depression. Curr Opin Psychiatry. 2008 Jan; 21(1): 37-42.

97Burnett, K.M., Solterbeck, L.A., & Strapp, C.M. Scent and mood state following an anxiety provoking task. Psychol Rep. 2004 Oct; 95(2): 707-22.

98Louis, M., & Kowalski, S.D. Use of aromatherapy with hospice patients to decrease pain, anxiety, and depression and to promote an increased sense of well being. AM J Hosp Palliant Care. 2002 Nov-Dec; 19(6): 381-6.

99Dunn, C., Sleep, J., & Collet, D. Sensing an improvement: an experimental study to evaluate the use of aromatherapy, massage, and periods of rest in an intensive care unit. J Adv Nurs. 1995 Jan; 21(1): 34-40.

Music therapy

71Horne-Thompson, A., & Grocke, D. The effect of music therapy on anxiety in patients who are terminally ill. J Palliat Med. 2008 May; 11(4): 582-90.

72Nilsson, U. The anxiety and pain reducing effects of music interventions: a systematic review. AORN J. 2008 Apr 87(4): 780-807.

251Muzzarelli, L., Force, M., & Sebold, M. Aromatherapy and reducing preprocedural anxiety: A controlled prospective study. Gastroenterol Nurs. 2006 Nov-Dec; 29(6): 466-71.

252Rho, K.H., et al. Effects Complement Ther Nurs Midwifery. 2003 May; 9(2): 90-7.

254Itai, T., et al. Psychological effects of aromatherapy on chronic hemodyalisis patients. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2000   Aug; 54(4): 393-7.

255Diego, M.A., et al. Aromatherapy positively affects mood, EEG patterns of alterness and math computations. Int J Neurosci. 1998 Dec; 96(3-4): 217-24.

256Passarella, S., & Duong, M.T. Diagnosis and treatment of insomnia. Am J Health Syst Pharm. 2008 May 15; 65(10): 927-34.

257Conn, D.K., & Madan, R. Use of sleep-promoting medications in nursing home residents: risks versus benefits. Drugs Aging. 2006; 23(4): 271-87.

258Turek, F.W., & Gillette, M.U. Melatonin, sleep, and circadian rhythms: rationale for development of specific melatonin agonists. Sleep Med. 2004 Nov; 5(6): 523-32.

259Cajochen, C., Krauchi, K., Wirz-Justice, A. Role of melatonin in the regulation of of human circadian rhythms and sleep. J Neuroendocrinol. 2003 Apr; 15(4): 432-7.

260Olde Rikkert, M.G., & Rigaud, A.S. Melatonin in elderly patients with insomnia: A systematic review. Z Gerentol Geriatr. 2001 Dec; 34(6): 491-7.
261Kirkwood, C.K. Management of insomnia. J Am Pharm Assoc. 1999 Sep-Oct; 39(5): 688-96.

262Mendelson, W.B. Efficacy of melatonin as a hypnotic agent. J Biol Rhythms. 1997 Dec; 12(6): 651-6.

263Dawson, D., & Encel, N. Melatonin and sleep in humans. J Pineal Res. 1993 Aug; 15(1): 1-12.

Music
191Choi, A.N., et al. Effects of group music intervention on depression, anxiety, and relationships in psychiatric patients: a pilot study. J Altern Complement Med. 2008 Jun; 14(5): 567-70.

192Nilsson, J. The anxiety- and pain-reducing effects of music intervention: a systematic review. AORN J. 2008 Apr; 87(4): 780-807.

193Kemper, K.J., et al. Impact of music on pediatric oncology patients. Pediatr Res. 2008 Jul; 64(1): 105-9.

194Klassen, J.A., et al. Music for pain and anxiety in children undergoing medical procedures: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Ambul Pediatr. 2008 Mar-Apr; 8(2): 117-28.

195Parslow, R., et al. Effectiveness of complimentary and self-help treatments for anxiety in children and adolescents. Med J Aust. 2008 Mar 17; 188(6): 355-9.

196Caprilli, S., et al. Interactive music as a treatment for pain and stress in children during venipuncture: a randomized prospective study. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 2007 Oct; 28(5): 399-403.

197Labbe, E., et al. Coping with stress: the effects of different types of music. Appl Psychophysiol Biofeedback. 2007 Dec; 32(3-4): 163-8.

198Cutshall, S.M., et al. Creation of a healing enhancement program at an academic medical center. Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2007 Nov; 13(4): 217-23.

199Mathar, A., Duda, L., & Kamat, D.M. Knowledge and use of music therapy among pediatric practitioners in Michigan. Clin Pediatr. 2008 Mar; 47(2): 155-9.

200Liu, R.W., et al. A randomized prospective study of music therapy for reducing anxiety during cast room procedures. J Pediatr Orthop. 2007 Oct-Nov; 27(7): 831-8.

201Cooke, M., et al. The effect of aromatherapy massage with music on the stress and anxiety levels of emergency room nurses: comparison between summer and winter. J Clin Nurs. 2007 Sep; 16(9): 1695-703.

202Rudin, D. Frequently overlooked and rarely listened to: music therapy in gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures. World J Gastroenterol. 2007 Sep 7; 13(33): 4533.

203Berbel, P., Moix, J., & Quintana, S. Music versus diazepam to reduce preoperative anxiety: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Rev Esp Anestesiol Reanim. 2007 Jun-Jul; 54(6): 355-8.

204Ferrer, A.J. The effect of live music on decreasing anxiety in patients undergoing chemotherapy treatment. J Music Ther. 2007 Fall; 44(3): 242-55.

205Whitehead-Pleaux, A.M., et al. Exploring the effects of music therapy on pediatric pain: phase 1. J Music Ther. 2007 Fall; 44(3): 217-41.

206Mandel, S.E., et al. Effects of music therapy on health-related outcomes in cardiac rehabilitation: a randomized controlled trial. J Music Ther. 2007 Fall; 44(3): 176-97.

207Walworth, D.D. The effects of preferred music genre selection versus preferred song selection on experimentally induced anxiety levels. J Music Ther. 2003 Spring; 40(1): 2-14.

208Richards, T., et al. The effect of music therapy on patients’ perception and manifestation of pain, anxiety, and patient satisfaction. Medsurg Nurs. 2007 Feb; 16(1): 7-14.

209O’Callaghan, C., Sexton, M., & Wheeler, G. Music therapy as a non-pharmacological anxiolytic for paediatric radiotherapy patients. Australas Radiol. 2007 Apr; 51(2): 159-62.

210Sliwka, A., Jarosz, A., & Nowobilski, R. Music therapy as a part of complex healing. Pol Merkur Lekarski. 2006 Oct; 21(124): 401-5.

211Danhauer, S.C., et al. Music or guided imagery for women undergoing colposcopy: a randomized controlled study of effects on anxiety, perceived pain, and patient satisfaction. J Low Genit Tract Dis. 2007 Jan; 11(1): 39-45.

212Wright, K.D., et al. Prevention and intervention strategies to alleviate preoperative anxiety in children: a critical review. Behav Modif. 2007 Jan; 31(1): 52-79.

213Jaber, S., et al. Effects of music therapy in intensive care unit without sedation in weaning patients versus non-ventilated patients. Ann Fr Anesth Reanim. 2007 Jan; 26(1): 30-8.

214Twiss, E., Seaver, J., & McCaffrey, R. The effect of music listening in older adults undergoing cardiovascular surgery. Nurs Crit Care. 2006 Sep-Oct; 11(5): 224-31.

215Buffman, M.D., et al. A music intervention to reduce anxiety before vascular angiography procedures. J Vasc Nurs. 2006 Sep; 24(3): 68-73.

216Sendelbach, S.E., et al. Effects of music therapy on physiological and psychological outcomes for patients undergoing cardiac surgery. J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2006 May-Jun; 21(3): 194-200.

217Kim, K.B., Lee, M.H., & Sok, S.R. The effect of music therapy on anxiety and depression in patients undergoing hemodialysis. Taehan Kanho Hakhoe Chi. 2006 Apr; 36(2): 321-9.

218Ostermann, T., & Schmid, W. Music therapy in the treatment of multiple sclerosis: a comprehensive literature review. Expert Rev Neurother. 2006 Apr; 6(4): 469-77.

219Burns, D.S., et al. Cancer patients’ interest and preferences for music therapy. J Music Ther. 2005 Fall; 42(3): 185-99.

220Myskja, A. Therapeutic use of music in nursing homes. Tidsskr Nor Laegeforen. 2005 Jun 2; 125(11): 1497-9.

221Hernandez-Ruiz, E. Effect of music therapy on the anxiety levels and sleep patterns of abused women in shelters. J Music Ther. 2005 Summer; 42(2): 140-58.

222McCaffrey, R., & Taylor, N. Effective anxiety treatment prior to diagnostic cardiac catheterization. Holist Nurs Pract. 2005 Mar-Apr; 19(2): 70-3.

223Lee, O.K., et al. Music and its effect on the physiological responses and anxiety levels of patients receiving mechanical ventilation: a pilot study. J Clin Nurs. 2005 May; 14(5): 609-20.

224Cevasco, A.M., Kennedy, R., & Generally, N.R. Comparison of movement-to-music, rhythm activities, and competitive games on depression, stress, anxiety, and anger of females in substance abuse rehabilitation. J Music Ther. 2005 Spring; 42(1): 64-80.

225Cooke, M., Chaboyer, W., & Hiratos, M.A. Music and its effect on anxiety in short waiting periods: a critical appraisal. J Clin Nurs. 2005 Feb; 14(2): 145-55.

226Voss, J.A., et al. Sedative music reduces anxiety and pain during chair rest after open- heart surgery.   Pain 2004 Nov; 112(1-2): 197-203.

227Clements-Cortes, A. The use of music in facilitating emotional expression in the terminally ill. Am J Hosp Palliat Care. 2004 Jul-Aug; 21(4): 255-60.

228Lazarus, A.A., & Abramovitz, A. A multimodal behavioral approach to performance anxiety. J Clin Psychol. 2004 Aug; 60(8): 831-40.

229Kain, Z.N., et al. Interactive music therapy as a treatment for preoperative anxiety in children: a randomized controlled trial. Anesth Analg. 2004 May; 98(5): 1260-6.

230Ferguson, S.L., & Voll, K.V. Burn pain and anxiety: the use of music relaxation during rehabilitation. J Burn Care Rehabil. 2004 Jan-Feb; 25(1): 8-14.

231Chan, Y.M., et al. The use of music to reduce anxiety for patients undergoing colposcopy : a randomized trial. Gynecol Oncol. 2003 Oct; 91(1): 213-7.

Memory

Sage/Ginkgo

264Ahlelemeyer, B., & Krieglstein, J. Pharmacological studies supporting for therapeutic use of Ginkgo biloba extract for Alzheimer’s disease.

265Allain, S., et al. Effect of two doses of ginkgo biloba extract on the dual-coding test in elderly subjects. Clin Ther. 1993 15(3): 549-58.

266Andrieu S, Gillette S, Amouyal K, et al. Association of Alzheimer’s disease onset with ginkgo biloba and other symptomatic cognitive treatments in a population of women aged 75 years and older from the EPIDOS study. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2003;58(4):372-377.
267Arnold KR. Ginkgo and memory. JAMA 2003;289(5):546-548.
268Birks J, Grimley EV, Van Dongen M. Ginkgo biloba for cognitive impairment and dementia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2003;(4):CD003120.
269Cheuvront SN, Carter R, III. Ginkgo and memory. JAMA 2003;289(5):547-548.
270Persson, J., et al The memory-enhancing effects of Ginseng and Gingko biloba in healthy volunteers. Psychopharmacology. 2005 May; 179(3): 705-7.
271Elsabagh, S., et al. Differential cognitive effects of Gingko biloba after acute and chronic treatment with Gingko biloba. J Psychpharmacol. 2005 Mar; 19(2): 173-81.
272Cieza, A., Maier, P., & Poppel, E. Effects of Gingko biloba on mental functioning in healthy volunteers. Arch Med Res. 2003 Sep-Oct; 34(5): 373-81.
273Singh, B., et al. Dangshen (Codonopsis pilosula) and Bui guo (Gingko biloba) enhance learning and memory. Altern Ther Health Med. 2004 Jul-Aug; 10(4): 52-6.
274van Dongen, M., et al. Gingko for elderly people with dementia and age-associated memory impairment: a randomized clinical trial. J Clin Epidemiol. 2003 Apr; 56(4): 367-76.
275Birks, J., & Grimley Evans, J. Gingko biloba for cognitive impairment and dementia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2007 Apr 18; (2).
276Scholey, A.B., et al. An extract of Salvia (sage) with anticholinesterase properties improves memory and attention in healthy volunteers. Psychopharmacology. 2008 May; 198(1): 127-39.
277Sage, K., Hesketh, A., & Ralph, M.A. Using errorless learning to treat letter by letter reading: contrasting word versus letter based therapy. Neuropsychol Rehabil. 2005 Dec; 15(5): 619-42.
278Tildesley, N.T., et al. Salvia lavandulaefolia (Spanish sage) enhances memory in healthy young volunteers. Pharmacol Biochem Behav. 2003 Jun; 75(3): 669-74.
279Yorbik, O., et al. Potential effects of zinc on information processing in boys with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry. 2008 Apr 1; 32(3): 662-7.
280Arnold, L.E., et al. Serum zinc correlates with parent- and teacher- rated inattention in children with attention deficity hyperactivity disorder. J Child Adolesc Psychpharmacol. 2005 Aug; 15(4): 628-36.
281Arnold, L.E., & DiSilvestro, R.A. Zinc in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. J Child Adolesc Psychpharmacol. 2005 Aug; 15(4): 619-27.
282Akhondzadeh, S., Mohammadi, M.R., & Khademi, M. Zinc sulfate as an adjunct to methylphenidate for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in children: a double blind and randomized trial. BMC Psychiatry. 2004 Apr 8; 4:9.
283Arnold, L.E., Pinkham, S.M., & Votolato, N. Does zinc moderate essential fatty acid and amphetamine treatment of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder? J Child Adolsc Psychopharmacol. 2000 Summer; 10(2):111-7.
284Arnold, L.E., et al. Does hair zinc predict amphetamine improvement of ADD/hyperactivity? Int J Neurosci. 1990 Jan; 50(1-2): 103-7.

Sleep

88Hack, M.A., et al. Comparison of the effects of sleep deprivation alcohol and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) on similated steering performance. Respir Med. 2001 Jul; 95(7): 594-601.

90Terzano, M.G., et al. New drugs for insomnia: a comparative tolerability of zoplicone, zolpidem, and zaleplon. Drug Saf. 2003; 26(4): 261-82.

137Attele, A. S., Xie, J. T., and Yuan, C. S. Treatment of insomnia: an alternative approach. Altern.Med Rev 2000;5(3):249-259.

138Wing, Y.K. Herbal treatments of insomnia. Hong Kong Med J. 2001 Dec; 7(4): 392-402.

139Ringdhal, E.N., Pereira, S.L., & Delzell, J.E., Jr. Treatment of primary insomnia. J Am Board Fam Pract. 2004 May-June; 17(3): 212-9.

140Roth, T., Hajak, G, & Ustun, T.B. Consensus for the pharmacological treatment of insomnia in the new millennium. Int J Clin Pract. 2001 Jan-Feb; 55(1): 42-52.

141Dundar, Y., et al. Newer drugs for the short-term treatment of insomnia: a systematic review and economic evaluation. Health Technol Assess. 2004 Jun; 8(24): 1-125.

142Huang, W.F., & Lai, I.C. Patterns of sleep-related medications prescribed to elderly outpatients with insomnia in Taiwan. Drugs Aging 2005; 22(11): 957-65.

143Wichniak, A., Murawiec, C., & Jernajczyk, W. Pharmacological treatment of insomnia. Psychiatr Pol 2006; May-June; 40(3): 563-77.

144Gooneratne, N.S. Complementary and alternative medicine for sleep disturbances in older adults. Clin Geriatr Med. 2008 Feb; 24(1): 121-38.

145Morin, A.K., Jarvis, C.I., & Lynch, A.M. Therapeutic options for sleep maintenance and sleep-onset insomnia. Pharmacotherapy. 2007 Jan; 27(1): 89-110.

146Wheatley, D. Medicinal plants for insomnia: a review of their pharmacology, efficacy and tolerability. J Psychopharmacol. 2005 Jul; 19(4): 414-21.

147Block, K.I., Gyllenhaul, C., & Mead, M.N. Safety and efficacy of herbal sedatives in cancer care. Integr Cancer Ther. 2004 Jun; 3(2): 128-48. (Kava, valerian, etc)

148Farag, N.H., & Mills, P.J. A randomized-controlled trial of the effects of a traditional herbal supplement on sleep onset insomnia. Complement Ther Med. 2003 Dec; 11(4): 223-5.

149Morin, C.M., et al. Valerian-hops combination and diphenhydramine for treating insomnia: a randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. Sleep. 2005 Nov 1; 28(11): 1465-71.

150Hadley, S., & Petry, J.J. Valerian. Am Fam Physician. 2003 Apr 15; 67(8): 1755-8.

151Larzelere, M.M., & Wiseman, P. Anxiety, depression, and insomnia. Prim Care. 2002 Jun; 29(2): 339-60.

152Jacobs, B.P., et al. An internet-based randomized, placebo-controlled trial of kava and valerian for anxiety and insomnia. Medicine. 2005 Jul; 84(4): 197-207.

Melatonin

106Braam, et al. Melatonin treatment in individuals with intellectual disability and chronic insomnia: a randomized, placebo-controlled study. J Intellec Disabil Res. 2008 Mar; 52(Pt. 3): 256-64.

107Anderson, I.M., et al. Melatonin for insomnia in children with autism spectrum disorders. J Child Neurol. 2008 May; 23(5): 482-5.

108Bliwise, D.L., & Ansari, F.P. Insomnia associated with valerian and melatonin usage in the 2002 National Health Interview Survey. Sleep. 2007 July 1; 30(7): 881-4.

Valerian
103Jacobs, B.P., et al. An internet-based placebo-controlled trial of kava and valerian for anxiety and insomnia. Medicine. 2005 Jul; 84(4): 197-207

108Bliwise, D.L., & Ansari, F.P. Insomnia associated with valerian and melatonin usage in the 2002 National Health Interview Survey. Sleep. 2007 July 1; 30(7): 881-4.

373Tariq, S.H., & Pulisetty, S. Pharmacotherapy for insomnia. Clin Geriatr Med. 2008 Feb; 24(1): 93-105.

374Bent, S., et al. Valerian for sleep: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Am J Med. 2006 Dec; 119(12): 1005-12.

375Hadley, S., & Petry, J.J. Valerian. Am Fam Physician. 2003 Apr 15; 67(8): 1755-8.

376Ziegler, G., et al. Efficacy and tolerability of valerian extract LI 156 compared with oxazepam in the treatment of non-organic insomnia””a randomized double-blind, comparative clinical trial. Eur J Med Res. 2002 Nov 25; 7(11): 480-6.

377Dominguez, R.A. et al. Valerian as a hypnotic for Hispanic patients. Cultur Divers Ethnic Minor Psychol. 2000 Feb; 6(1): 84-92.

Kava Kava
108Bliwise, D.L., & Ansari, F.P. Insomnia associated with valerian and melatonin usage in the 2002 National Health Interview Survey. Sleep. 2007 July 1; 30(7): 881-4.

5-HTP
109Bruni, O., Ferri, R., Miano, S., & Verrillo, E. L-5-Hydroxytryptophan treatment of sleep tremors in children. Eur J Ped. 2004 Jul; 163(7): 402-7.

Pain

110Manchikanti, L., & Singh, A. Therapuetic opioids: a ten-year prospective on the complexities of the escalating use, abuse and non-medical use of oipiods. Pain Physician. 2008 Mar; 11(2 Suppl.): 563-88.

Fish oil
134Galarraga, B., et al. Cod liver oil (n-3 fatty acids) as a non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug sparing agent in rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology. 2008 May; 47(5): 665-9.

135Maroon, J.C., & Bost, J.W. Omega-3 fatty acids (fish oil) as an anti-inflammatory: an alternative to non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for discogenic pain. Surg Neurol. 2006 Apr; 65(4): 326-31.

378Golberg, R.J., & Katz, J. A meta-analysis of the analgesic effects of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation for inflammatory joint pain. Pain. 2007 May; 129(1-2): 210-23.

379Bjorkkkjaer, T., et al. Short term duodenal seal oil administration normalized n-6 to n-3 fatty acid ratio in rectal mucosa and ameliorated bodily pain in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Lipids Health Dis. 2006 Mar 20; 5:6.

380Berbert, A.A., et al Supplementation of fish oil and olive oil in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Nutrition. 2005 Feb; 21(2): 131-6.

381Jordan, K.M., et al. The use of conventional and complementary treatments for knee osteoarthritis in the community. Rheumatology. 2004 Mar; 43(3): 381-4.

382Harel, Z., et al. Supplementation with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the management of recurrent migraines in adolescents. J Adolsc Health. 2002 Aug; 31(2): 154-61.

383Tidow-Kebritchi, S., & Mobarhan, S. Effects of diets containing fish oil and Vitamin E on rheumatoid arthritis. Nutr Rev. 2001 Oct; 59(10): 335-8.

384Tomer, A., et al. Reduction of pain episodes and prothrombotic activity in sickle-cell disease by dietary n- 3 fatty acids. Thromb Haemost. 2001 Jun; 85(6): 966-74.

385Eriksen, W., Sandvik, L, & Bruusgaard, D. Does dietary supplementation of cod liver oil mitigate musculoskeletal pain? Eur J Clin Nutr. 1996 Oct; 50(10): 689-93.

Acupuncture
122Shang, Y.J., et al. Clinical study on acupuncture combined with rehabilitation therapy for treatment of poststroke shoulder-hand syndrome. Zhongguo Zhen Jiu. 2008 May; 28(5): 331-3.

123Selfe, T.K., & Taylor, A.G. Acupuncture and osteoarthritis of the knee: a review of randomized, controlled trials. Fam Community Health. 2008 Jul-Sep; 31(3): 247-54.

124Berkovitz, S., et al. High volume acupuncture clinic (HVAC) for chronic knee pain””audit of a possible model for delivery of acupuncture in the National Health Service. Acupunct Med. 2008 Mar; 26(1): 46-50.

Music therapy
71Horne-Thompson, A., & Grocke, D. The effect of music therapy on anxiety in patients who are terminally ill. J Palliat Med. 2008 May; 11(4): 582-90.

72Nilsson, U. The anxiety and pain reducing effects of music interventions: a systematic review. AORN J. 2008 Apr 87(4): 780-807.

SAMe/Cymbalta
127Soeken, K.L., et al. Safety and efficacy of S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) for osteoarthritis. J Fam Pract. 2002 May; 51(5): 425-30.

130Crofford, L.J. Pain management in fibromyalgia. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2008 May; 20(3): 246-50.

131McCleane, G. Antidepressants as analgesics. CNS Drugs. 2008; 22(2): 139-56.

132Jann, M.W., & Slade, J.H. Antidepressant agents for the treatment of chronic pain and depression. Pharmacotherapy. 2007 Nov; 27(11): 1571-87.

392Najm, W.I., et al. S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) versus celecoxib for the treatment of osteoarthritis symptoms: a double-blind cross over trial. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2004 Feb 26; 5:6.

393Morelli, V., Naquin, C., & Weaver, V. Alternative therapies for traditional disease states: osteoarthritis. Am Fam Physician. 2003 Jan 15; 67(2): 339-44.

394Jacobsen, S., et al. Oral S-adenosylmethionine in primary fibromyalgia. Double blind clinical evaluation. Scand J Rheumatol. 1991; 20(4): 294-302.

395Tavoni, A., et al. Evaluation of S-adenosylmethionine in primary fibromyalgia. A double-blind crossover study. Am J Med. 1987 Nov 20; 83(5A): 107-110.

396Maccagno, A., et al. Double-blind controlled clinical trial of oral S-adenosylmethionine versus piroxicam in knee osteoarthritis. Am J Med. 1987 Nov 20; 83(5A): 72-7.

397Muller-Fassbender, H. Double-blind clinical trial of S-adenosylmethionine versus ibuprofen in the treatment of osteoarthritis. Am J Med. 1987 Nov 20; 83(5A): 81-3.

398Gatto, G., et al. Analgesizing effect of a methyl donor (S-adenosylmethionine) in migraine: an open clinical trial. Int J Clin Pharmacol Res. 1986; 6(1): 15-7.

399Crofford, L.J. Pain management in fibromyalgia. Curr Opin Rheumatol. 2008 May; 20(3): 246-50.

400Voznesenskaia, T.G., Leonova, A.R., & Kaverina, I.V. Treatment of chronic back pain with antidepressant cymbalta: an experimental study. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova. 2007; 107(7): 20-4.

Diet Change
111Bordman, R., & Jackson, B. Below the belt: approach to chronic pelvic pain. Can Fam Physician. 2006 Dec; 52(12): 1556-62.

Hypnosis
of aromatherapy massage on anxiety and self-esteem in Korean elderly women: a pilot study. Int J Neurosci. 2006 Dec; 116(12): 1447-55.

253Edge, J. A pilot study addressing the effect of aromatherapy massage on mood, anxiety, and relaxation in adult mental health. 232Shakibaei, F., et al. Hynotherapy in management of pain and reexperiencing of trauma in burn patients. Int J Clin Exp Hypn. 2008 Apr; 56(2): 185-97.

233Jensen, M.P., et al. Long-term outcome of hypnotic-analgesia treatment for chronic pain in persons with disabilities. Int J Clin Exp Hypn. 2008 Apr; 56(2): 156-69.

234Wood, C., & Bioy, A. Hypnosis and pain in children. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2008 Apr; 35(4): 437-46.

235Leung, F.W. Methods of reducing discomfort during colonoscopy. Dig Dis Sci. 2008 Jun; 53(6): 1462-7.

236Gaitlan, C.G., & Schulmeister, L. When medication is not enough: nonpharmacologic management of pain. Clin J Oncol Nurs. 2007 Oct; 11(5): 699-704.

237Rogovik, A.L., & Goldman, R.D. Hypnosis for treatment of pain in children. Can Fam Physician. 2007 May; 53(5): 370-3.

238Amadasun, F.E. Hypnosis and its place in modern pain management- review article. Niger Postgrad Med J. 2007 Sep; 14(3): 238-41.

239Thornberry, T., et al. An exploration of the utility of hypnosis in pain management among rural pain patients. Palliat Support Care. 2007 Jun; 5(2): 147-52.

240Neron, S., & Stephenson, R. Effectiveness of hypnotherapy with cancer patients’ trajectory: emesis, acute pain, and analgesia and anxiolysis in procedures. Int J Clin Exp Hypn. 2007 Jul; 55(3): 336-54.

241Elkins, G., Jensen, M.P., & Patterson, D.R. Hypnotherapy for the management of chronic pain. Int J Clin Exp Hypn. 2007 Jul; 55(3): 275-87.

242Marc, I., et al. The use of hypnosis to improve pain management during voluntary interruption of pregnancy: an open randomized preliminary study. Contraception. 2007 Jan; 75(1): 52-8.

243Sharma, S.K., & Kaur, J. Hypnosis and pain management. Nurs J India. 2006 Jun; 97(6): 129-31.

244Smith, C.A., et al. Complementary and alternative therapies for pain management in labour. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2006 Oct 18; (4).

245Tan, G., Alvarez, J.A., & Jensen, M.P. Complementary and alternative medicine approaches to pain management. J Clin Psychol. 2006 Nov; 62(11): 1419-31.

246Cyna, A.M., Andrew, M.I., & McAuliffe, G.L. Antenatal self-hypnosis for labour and childbirth: a pilot study. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2006 Aug; 34(4): 464-9.

247Liossi, C., White, P., & Hatira, P. Randomized and clinical trial of local anesthetic versus a combination of local anesthetics with self-hypnosis in the management of pediatric procedure-related pain. Health Psychol. 2006 May; 25(3): 307-15.

248Osborne, T.L., Raichle, K.A., & Jensen, M.P. Psychologic interventions for chronic pain. Phys Med Rehabil Clin N Am. 2006 May; 17(2): 415-33.

249Valente, S.M. Hypnosis for pain management. J Psychosoc Nurs Ment Health Serv. 2006 Feb; 44(2): 22-30.

250Cueller, N.G. Hypnosis for pain management in the older adult. Pain Manage Nurs. 2005 Sep; 6(3): 105-11.

Learning/Memory

Exercise (Mind/Body)
113Ang, E.T., & Gomez-Pinilla, F. Potential therapeutic effects of exercise on the brain. Curr Med Chem. 2007; 14(24): 2564-71.

114White, L.J., & Castellano, V. Exercise and brain health””implications for multiple sclerosis””Part one neuronal growth factors. Sports Med. 2008; 38(2): 91-100.

115Cutman, C.W., Berchtold, N.C., & Christie, L.A. Exercise builds brain health: key roles of growth factor cascades and inflammation. Trends Neurosci. 2007 Sep; 30(9): 464-72.

116Chan, S., et al. Association between mind-body and cardiovascular exercises and memory in older adults. J Am Geriatr Soc. 2005 Oct; 53(10): 1754-60.

Exercise(Lab rats)
117Chen, H.I., et al. Treadmill exercise enhances passive avoidance learning in rats: the role of down-graded serotonin system in the limbic system. Neurol Biol Learn Mem. 2008 May; 89(4): 489-96.

118Van der Borght, K., et al. Exercise improves memory acquisition and retrieval in the Y-maze task: relationship with the hippocampul neurogenesis. Behav Neurosci. 2007 Apr; 121(2): 324-34.

Happiness

Meditation
119Deshmukh, V.D. Neuroscience of meditation. ScientificWorldJournal. 2006 Nov 16; 6: 2239-53.

120Lester, D. Zen and happiness. Psychol Rep. 1999 Apr; 84(2): 650.

386Smith, W.P., Compton, W.C., & West, W.B. Meditation as an adjunct to a happiness enhancement program. J Clin Psychol. 1995 Mar; 51(2): 269-73.

Gratitude
121Larsen, J.T., & McKibben, A.R. Is happiness having what you want, or wanting what you have, or both? Psychol Sci. 2008 Apr; 19(4): 371-7.

387Koenig, H.G. Concerns about measuring “spirituality” in research. J Nerv Ment Dis. 2008 May; 196(5): 349-55.

388Hershberger, P.J. Prescribing happiness: positive psychology and family medicine. Fam Med. 2005 Oct; 37(9): 630-4.

389Dunn, J.R., & Schweitzer, M.E. Feeling and believing””the influence of emotion on trust. J Pers Soc Psychol. 2005 May; 88(5): 736-48.

390Chipperfield, J.G., Perry, R.P., & Weiner, B. Discrete emotions in later life. J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2003 Jan; 58(1): P23-34.

391Rankin, W.W. Gratitude and wellness. J Pediatr Nurs. 1990 Apr; 5(2): 138-9.