ARCHIVE

ADD/ADHD is associated with a host of challenges that can impact your everyday life. And according to two recent studies, it appears that having adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), also known as attention-deficit disorder (ADD), may also increase the likelihood of dementia later than life. Researchers found that adults with ADHD have a 2.77-fold greater risk of dementia than people without the condition.
Click to tweet
Indeed, adults diagnosed with ADD/ADHD are nearly three times more likely to develop some form of dementia than adults without the condition, a large-scale observational study found. Additionally, a six-year study following adults with genetic markers for ADHD revealed an association with increased cognitive impairment and markers for Alzheimer’s disease. While much more remains to be researched and understood, this association between ADHD and dementia underscores the importance of recognizing, diagnosing, and treating adult ADHD. It also alerts adults diagnosed with the disorder to be watchful for signs of dementia as they age.

ABOUT ADULT ADHD AND DEMENTIA

ADD/ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by pervasive attention problems, and often impulsive or hyperactive behavior too. While it is commonly known as a disorder affecting children and teens, it affects about 5.4% of adult men and 3.2% of adult women as well, according to the Institute of Mental Health. What’s more, fewer than 20% of adults with the disorder are properly diagnosed or treated, experts report. The signs of ADHD manifest differently in adults, which too often allows the disorder to persist unrecognized. In fact, brain SPECT imaging work at Amen Clinics has revealed that there are 7 types of ADD/ADHD. Dementia is a general term that refers to an entire category of progressive neurodegenerative diseases that impact brain function, which may lead to memory loss, trouble with language, compromised cognition, and changes to personality and behavior. More than 55 million people around the world have one of several types of dementia. It is among the world’s leading causes of disability and mortality. Alzheimer’s disease is the most common and recognized form of dementia. About 6.5 million U.S. adults are estimated to have Alzheimer’s disease and that figure is expected to double by 2050. The biggest risk factor for dementia is aging. Thus, dementia usually develops later in life, typically in one’s mid-60s or later. Approximately 300,000 Americans under the age of 65 (sometimes in their 30s and 40s) have early-onset Alzheimer’s disease. Frontotemporal dementia is usually diagnosed between age 45 and 60.

HOW ADHD RELATES TO DEMENTIA

When ADD/ADHD goes undiagnosed and untreated in adults, it can have a detrimental effect on many areas of life. It’s important to understand that mental health disorders that negatively affect the mind also have adverse impacts on the brain, and there’s a marked brain component to every disorder. ADD/ADHD is associated with lower activity in the cerebellum, prefrontal cortex, and basal ganglia. Hallmark ADHD symptoms such as short attention span, being easily distracted, disorganization, restlessness, the tendency to procrastinate, and impulsivity tend to make afflicted individuals more vulnerable to a host of disorders. These individuals are more likely to be depressed, experience traumatic brain injury (TBI), and to have addictions to food, alcohol, drugs, and tobacco (smoking). Any one of these conditions comes with its own set of challenges, but they all also increase the chances of dementia later in life. Since there’s a level of brain compromise with ADD/ADHD, older individuals have a double whammy of lower brain and cognitive resilience plus the higher dementia risk that comes with aging.

ADHD AND DEMENTIA RESEARCH

Researchers are just beginning to uncover and understand the association ADHD has with the development of dementia. An Argentinian study published in the European Journal of Neurology in 2011 first got the attention of scientists when it found an association between ADD/ADHD and a certain form of dementia called Lewy Body dementia. The two more recent studies are the latest adding to this body of research on ADHD and dementia. The first is a cohort study published in October 2023 in JAMA Network Open, involving more than 100,000 participants. The participants—aged 51 to 70 and born between 1933 and 1952—entered the cohort on January 1, 2003 without an ADD/ADHD or dementia diagnosis. They were followed until February 28, 2020. The researchers evaluated the data collected from 2022 to 2023. After adjusting for multiple confounding factors, the researchers found that adults with ADD/ADHD have a 2.77-fold greater risk of dementia than people without the condition. Interestingly, participants who were diagnosed with ADD/ADHD and treated with psychostimulant medication showed no clear increased risk of dementia. This appears to reflect separate research that indicated ADHD treatment with prescription stimulant medication might improve several aspects of cognition. However, the scientists involved with this newer study caution against making any conclusions and encourage more research on how medications may impact dementia risk. They also encourage natural ways to treat ADHD.    The second study conducted by University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine researchers involved 212 individuals between the ages of 55 to 90 with high genetic risk of ADD/ADHD. The participants were evaluated regularly over a six-year period. The data revealed an association between having genetic markers for ADD/ADHD and cognitive deterioration and the development of Alzheimer’s Disease. While the findings again highlight an ADHD-dementia association, the study’s authors encouraged further research on clinically confirmed ADHD participants and the development of Alzheimer’s disease.

RECOGNIZE ADD/ADHD AND DEMENTIA SYMPTOMS

Until more is understood, adults showing ADD/ADHD symptoms are encouraged to get proper diagnosis and treatment. There are many effective natural approaches to treating ADD/ADHD, including: Additionally, if you or someone you know is experiencing repeated memory loss problems or other signs of dementia, it’s important to get evaluated as soon as possible. ADD/ADHD, memory loss, dementia, and other mental health issues can’t wait. At Amen Clinics, we’re here for you. We offer in-clinic brain scanning and appointments, as well as mental telehealth, clinical evaluations, and therapy for adults, teens, children, and couples. Find out more by speaking to a specialist today at 888-288-9834 or visit our contact page here. Have you ever been faced with a loved one experiencing mental health issues, but didn’t know what to say or how to help? You’re not alone. With mental health struggles becoming the new normal in the United States and worldwide, it’s increasingly likely that you’ll encounter someone who needs your support in this area. Luckily, we have come a long way from the support strategies used in the past. We now know that tactics like “tough love” or jail sentences aren’t helpful responses. But some of us can still be baffled by a loved one—a spouse or significant other, sibling, child, friend, or another family member—who is facing mental health problems, including addiction. Afraid to say the wrong thing or unsure of what to say at all, too many people don’t speak up and thus drive these issues further into the shadows. If you know someone who’s struggling, try these 6 strategies to help lead them into the light of treatment, help, and healing. People coping with mental health issues may be prone to negative self-talk, denial, or shame. Start the conversation gently and continue to listen with an open mind as they speak.
Click to tweet
 

THE CURRENT STATE OF MENTAL HEALTH

According to the Centers for Disease Control, more than 1 in 5 U.S. adults lives with a mental health disorder. An estimated 1 in 25 of them are serious mental illnesses, such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or major clinical depression. When it comes to adolescents, more than 1 in 5 youth (ages 13-18) currently have, or have had, a seriously debilitating mental illness. The World Health Organization estimates that more than 50% of the world’s population will experience a mental health issue at some point in their lifetime.

6 STEPS FOR MENTAL HEALTH SUPPORT 

  1. Be gentle.

People coping with a mental health condition, from substance use disorders to anxiety disorders, may be prone to negative self-talk, denial, or shame. Therefore, you’ll want to start the conversation gently and continue to listen with an open mind as they speak. Ask open-ended questions rather than assuming you know what they’re feeling. However, if you have also struggled with mental health, you might want to share this, to establish a two-way exchange of vulnerability. Validate them and intermittently reflect back what you’ve heard to make sure you understand their concerns. Ask if they would be open to receiving advice or feedback before sharing your thoughts. Try to put yourself in their position. Finally, remain patient throughout the process. Ask them, “What is the best way I can support you at this time?” and be ready to accept their answer.

  1. Take their concerns seriously.

Those who struggle with mental health disorders need an open ear and kindness, not clichés, platitudes, or condescension. Avoid using invalidating and minimizing statements, such as: These kinds of sayings can make your loved one feel unheard, misunderstood, or alienated. Instead, practice empathy, listen with sensitivity, and allow them to share what feels appropriate for them. You can simply express your concern and your care without passing harsh judgments, while assuring that you are hearing and supporting them.

  1. Encourage them to seek help.

Today, no one with a mental health disorder has to suffer alone—and there are multiple ways to treat these problems, including many natural solutions. While making clear that you’re not qualified to diagnose the issue, emphasize that professional help is available and offer to support them as they seek it (such as accompanying them to appointments). When appropriate, share with them pertinent information about the problem(s) they are facing. Continue to plant these seeds on occasion, without overwhelming or bombarding them. Remember, you don’t want to tell them what to do or act pushy, but rather offer beneficial information that can positively impact their lives. However, if your loved one is experiencing a crisis or is in danger of harming themselves or others, do not hesitate to call 911. In non-urgent cases, you can also reach out to 988, the Suicide & Crisis Hotline.

  1. Position mental health as brain health.

It’s easy for those with mental health issues to feel like something is “wrong” with them. But these issues aren’t moral failings, character flaws, weaknesses, or indications that someone is defective. They are brain health issues. That’s why brain SPECT imaging is so useful to help determine the underlying causes of these issues. In fact, Amen Clinics has seen numerous patients who arrived in a last-ditch effort to find effective treatment. SPECT scans can find details that may have been previously overlooked, helping clinicians understand more about how the patient’s brain uniquely functions. Combined with other steps, like taking a clinical history, personal interviews, family information, diagnostic checklists, and neuropsychological tests, SPECT can help pinpoint the treatment that’s needed. Encourage your loved one to seek functional brain SPECT imaging if standard treatments aren’t working.

  1. Plan mood-boosting conversations and activities.

It’s admirable that your loved one feels comfortable enough to open up about their mental health, and your ongoing concern is natural. But don’t forget to also maintain conversations and activities that bring levity to their life and your interactions. Talk about topics that are unrelated to their mental health, like books, movies, music, or inspiring news stories. Make time for fun outings—because laughter truly is a great medicine, triggering feel-good neurotransmitters. Exercise in particular is great for improving anyone’s mental health, so make plans that involve a walk or bike ride, a hike in nature, a yoga or exercise class, dancing, or sports. Physical activity releases endorphins, which generate positive feelings in the body—thus opening the door to more positive feelings and thoughts.

  1. Discourage isolation.

Many mental health struggles are associated with a desire to isolate, which can aggravate the problem. In addition to encouraging your loved one to contact you for support, you may also suggest finding a support group, either in-person or online, as well as a mental health professional like a counselor, therapist, or psychologist. Encourage them to stay in regular contact with friends and family, and to reach out rather than isolate when they’re having a difficult day. Building a network of people (not just 1 or 2) is key, so that they never feel alone. In fact, this point brings us back to square one—because the tendency to isolate is exactly why it’s important for you to broach the topic of mental health with your loved one to begin with. They may be unlikely to share their problems without being directly asked, in a gentle yet concerned way, by someone they care about.

OVERCOMING MENTAL HEALTH STIGMA

It’s heartbreaking to see a loved one struggling with mental health issues. We can feel powerless, frustrated, saddened, even angry. The good news is, we have more treatment options than ever to improve symptoms—and we can all make a difference by showing empathy and understanding. By practicing a kind, caring, and open-minded approach, you’ll be doing your part to help erase the damaging stigma around our world’s growing mental health concerns.  Anxiety, depression, addiction, and other mental health issues can’t wait. At Amen Clinics, we’re here for you. We offer in-clinic brain scanning and appointments, as well as mental telehealth, clinical evaluations, and therapy for adults, teens, children, and couples. Find out more by speaking to a specialist today at 888-288-9834 or visit our contact page here. This post has been updated since it’s original publish date. What part of the brain makes up about 30 percent of the total human brain – compared with just 11 percent for chimpanzees, 7 percent for dogs, 3 percent for cats (perhaps why they need nine lives), and 1 percent for mice (perhaps why they’re eaten by cats)? If you guessed the prefrontal cortex (PFC), you’re right.

What is the “Executive Center” of the Brain?

Your brain is responsible for every aspect of your life—how you think, how you feel, how you act, and how you interact with others. But do you know which region of the brain plays the biggest role in your ability to think, problem-solve, plan ahead, and communicate effectively? It’s the prefrontal cortex, otherwise known as the executive center of the brain. This region makes up about 30% of the total human brain. Compare that with just 11% for chimpanzees, 7% for dogs, 3% for cats, and 1% for mice. Learning to love and care for your brain’s executive center can mean the difference between struggling in life or living the life you want. Healthy habits contribute to a well-functioning brain while unhealthy habits increase the risk of brain dysfunction.
Click to tweet

PREFRONTAL CORTEX BASICS

The prefrontal cortex (PFC) is the most evolved part of the brain. It occupies the front third of the brain, behind the forehead. The PFC is divided into three sections: • Dorsal lateral section, located on the outside surface of the PFC • Inferior orbital section, located on the front undersurface of the brain • Anterior cingulate gyrus, running through the middle of the frontal lobes The PFC is involved with executive functions, such as: • Focus • Empathy • Judgment • Organization • Impulse control • Learning from mistakes Our ability as a species to think, plan ahead, use time wisely, and communicate with others is heavily influenced by this part of the brain. The PFC is responsible for helping you be goal-oriented, socially responsible, and productive in every area of your life. Brain-imaging research shows that the PFC continues to develop throughout childhood, into late adolescence, and even into a person’s mid-20s. As such, an individual’s daily habits greatly impact how the brain develops. The brain-imaging work using SPECT scans at Amen Clinics clearly shows that healthy habits contribute to a well-functioning brain while unhealthy habits increase the risk of brain dysfunction.

THE PREFRONTAL CORTEX AND SELF-CONTROL

Why are some people able to say no to cocktails, drugs, potato chips, gambling, and other behaviors that aren’t good for them, while others impulsively partake in risky activities? It has to do with self-control. In large part, self-control is tied to the PFC. When the brain’s reward system drives you to seek out things that bring you pleasure, it’s the PFC that puts on the brakes to prevent you from engaging in risky behavior. In a healthy self-control circuit, an effective PFC provides impulse control and good judgment. At the same time, the reward system offers an adequate dose of motivation, so you can plan and follow through on your goals. But what happens when the PFC isn’t working well?

PROBLEMS IN THE PFC

Think of the PFC as your boss at work. When the PFC is low in activity, it’s as if the boss is on vacation, so there’s little to no supervision and nothing gets done. On the other end of the spectrum, when the PFC works too hard, it’s as if the boss is micromanaging everyone and people are left with anxiety and worry. Decreased activity in the PFC has been associated with lack of forethought, poor judgment, impulse control problems, and poor internal supervision. If the PFC is underactive, it can create an imbalance in the reward system and cause you to lose control over your behavior. When this is the case, you’re more likely to fall victim to your cravings.

HEAD INJURIES AND THE PFC

Due to its location, the PFC is especially susceptible to concussions. Unfortunately, much of the PFC sits on top of several sharp, bony ridges inside the skull, and it lies just behind the area where many blows to the head occur. Your brain wasn’t made to endure the punishment of soccer headers, tackle football, or boxing. Even mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBI) can have far-reaching health consequences. Post-concussion syndrome can lead to brain fog, aggression, substance abuse, and more. A growing body of research shows that head injuries are a major cause of psychiatric disorders including anxiety, depression, and even memory issues and Alzheimer’s disease. ADD/ADHD AND THE PFC Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), also referred to as attention-deficit disorder (ADD), typically occurs as a result of neurological dysfunction in the PFC. When people with ADD/ADHD try to concentrate, PFC activity tends to decrease. Normally, the PFC sends inhibitory signals to certain areas of the brain, quieting stimulation from the environment so that you can concentrate. When the PFC is underactive, it doesn’t adequately dampen the sensory parts of the brain. As a result, too many stimuli bombard the brain at once. For those who struggle with ADD/ADHD, distractibility is evident in many different settings. Common ADD/ADHD symptoms include: Without proper PFC function, it’s difficult to act in consistent, thoughtful ways, and impulses can take over. Impulse control problems may lead to behaviors such as lying, stealing, having affairs, or excessive spending. Increased death rates have been associated with impulsive behaviors, such as: tobacco use, poor diet, excessive alcohol use, violence, risky sexual behavior, aggressive driving, suicide, and drug use. According to research, these factors can have a huge impact on a person’s longevity.

4 WAYS TO STRENGTHEN THE EXECUTIVE CENTER OF YOUR BRAIN 

  1. Get your heart pumping.
Exercise is literally the fountain of youth. It boosts blood flow to the brain and increases chemicals that are important for learning, memory, and stimulating the growth of new brain cells. Exercise boosts blood flow to the PFC, which can help you be more productive. Try to exercise at least 30 minutes every day. 
  1. Get adequate sleep.
While you sleep, your brain is still working hard to carry out essential tasks. According to a 2019 study, as you slumber, your brain washes itself, clearing away toxins and neural debris that has accumulated during the day. When your brain doesn’t take out the “neural trash,” it accumulates and contributes to sluggish brain function. Sleep disorders can lead to brain and mental health problems, such as slower reaction times, brain fog, and poor decision-making. To keep your executive center operating at peak condition, it’s recommended that you get 7 to 9 hours of sleep every night. 
  1. Balance your blood sugar.
Low blood sugar levels are associated with lower overall blood flow to the brain, poor impulse control, irritability, and bad decisions. Basically, it drains your executive center. For optimal executive center function, keep your blood sugar balanced throughout the day with healthy snacks. Also, supplements, green tea, and Rhodiola can increase blood flow to the PFC which can help you make better decisions.
  1. Ask yourself this question.
Whenever you’re about to make a decision, ask youself, “Then what?” When it comes to your health, these are the two most important words in the English language. Think about the consequences of your behavior before you act. Exercising self-control is one of the best ways to strengthen your PFC. To develop your PFC, you can practice saying no to the things that aren’t good for you and, over time, you’ll find it easier to do the right thing.

SUPPORT YOUR PFC

Taking care of your brain is the single most important thing you can do for your health, your life, and the lives of those around you. When your executive center works optimally, it helps you be smarter, healthier, happier—and even wealthier. Isn’t that what you want? ADD/ADHD and other mental health issues can’t wait. At Amen Clinics, we’re here for you. We offer in-clinic brain scanning and appointments, as well as mental telehealth, clinical evaluations, and therapy for adults, teens, children, and couples. Find out more by speaking to a specialist today at 888-288-9834 or visit our contact page here. We all experience anxiety at some level—in fact, it’s crucial to human survival. But sometimes worry, fear, and nervousness surpass a useful or typical amount, developing into anxiety disorders. Anxiety is the mot common mental health condition in the U.S., with 40 million adults, or more than 18% of the population, affected every year. Anxiety can also intersect with many other mental health conditions, including panic attacks or panic disorder, clinical depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), and phobias. It can trigger physical symptoms, such as rapid heartbeat and muscle tension, and interfere with work, school, and relationships. Conversely, anxiety may result from deeper issues that require their own attention, such as medication interactions, substance abuse, or head injury. The good news is, if you’re facing anxiety, seeking professional help can make a significant positive impact on your day-to-day life and long-term health. And, today, there are a number of psychotherapy modalities that have been shown effective for anxiety. Here, we’ll examine 10 popular types of mental health therapy, how they work, and how they can assist in quelling anxiety symptoms. If you’re facing anxiety, seeking professional help can make a significant positive impact on your day-to-day life and long-term health.
Click to tweet

10 TYPES OF THERAPY FOR ANXIETY 

  1. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), true to its name, aims to change the way you think and act. Specifically, it is designed to help you evolve from negative thinking patterns and behaviors to healthier ways of coping.
This method is helpful for a long list of mental health conditions, including: You’ll learn how to challenge automatic negative thoughts (ANTs), face fears, set goals, and engage in more positive self-talk. With practice, using CBT techniques can lessen stress and anxiety, boost moods and motivation, and improve self-confidence.
  1. Dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT) is particularly beneficial for those who could be described as rigid or inflexible, because it encourages exploring different perspectives and ideas.
One study, published in Trends in Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, tested both CBT and DBT on subjects with generalized anxiety disorder. Afterward, both groups showed reduced scores for depression and anxiety and increased scores for executive function. Although CBT is more widely known, results suggested that dialectical therapy was more effective for improving executive function. The study noted that DBT’s focal points of emotional regulation, distress tolerance, mindfulness, and interpersonal relationships were factors likely to improve anxiety symptoms.
  1. Eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) can be especially helpful for anxiety that is associated with trauma, including PTSD, as well as phobias and panic disorders. When traumatic memories get “stuck” in the brain, they can lead to intrusive and unwanted effects, such as experiencing flashbacks or anxiety.
EMDR therapy works to help reprocess the trauma through bilateral stimulation of the brain, via practices like tapping or eye movements. This ultimately helps change the way the brain stores these traumatic memories and can help reduce or eliminate their associated negative emotions. Patients may notice improvement after 4 to 12 sessions, and EMDR can be utilized alongside other therapeutic approaches.
  1. Neurofeedback therapy taps into the power of the brain to improve emotional and behavioral health. Neurofeedback has been associated with reduced symptoms of anxiety disorders and stress, including in a 2021 study published in Basic and Clinical Neuroscience.
During a session, you play a computerized video game with your mind as electrodes placed on the scalp measure brainwave activity. Neurofeedback trains the brain on the spot by coaching you to help attain the optimal state of activity. Ultimately, this process helps you learn to self-regulate your brain, with benefits that last long after the session ends—leading to improvements in work, school, home life, and relationships.
  1. Mindfulness cognitive therapy may help with anxiety while offering numerous additional mental health benefits. One study, published in Frontiers in Psychology in 2022, stated that mindfulness-based interventions appeared to be a “particularly promising and viable treatment approach” for reducing adolescents’ social anxiety symptoms.
Mindfulness cognitive therapy blends the Eastern tradition of mindfulness practices with Western approaches like CBT. This modality may also be supported by high-tech tools like an EEG-based neurofeedback device, shown in another study to improve symptoms of OCD, a form of anxiety.
  1. Exposure therapy, research suggests, may be especially useful for people with phobias. When you run from your anxiety—for example, flee a setting when fear is triggered—you can actually make anxiety worse.
Thus, in exposure therapy, you are guided through the practice of facing your fears. For example, you may make a list of situations that produce feelings of fear and anxiety, then—starting with the least-threatening ones—gradually begin facing them. This modality can even incorporate computer-generated virtual reality as a safe way to confront fears. Over time, exposure helps the concerns seem less threatening, thereby reducing anxiety.
  1. Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is an intervention that aims to increase psychological flexibility, according to the Association for Contextual Behavioral Science. It utilizes acceptance and mindfulness strategies, as well as behavioral change strategies.
Ultimately, you learn how to interact in a healthy way with fearful thoughts, feelings, memories, and physical sensations that you’ve previously avoided. You learn how to reframe and accept them, while changing your behavior in positive ways. For example, one helpful exercise is defining your core values. By outlining these and allowing them to propel your actions, you’ll naturally lower anxiety and increase happiness by living a more purposeful life.
  1. Art and music therapy offer creative ways to combat anxiety. Art therapy encourages self-expression through visual art forms like painting, sculpture, and drawing. Music therapy and dance therapy use the power of music and movement to improve feelings of well-being.
One critical review in 2022 found that art therapy helped with emotion regulation (including emotion acceptance and goal-oriented actions), leading to anxiety reduction. The researchers noted that art therapy, which can be used as an adjunct treatment with other modalities, was associated with overall improved mental health in patients.
  1. Interpersonal therapy (IPT) is defined by the International Society of Interpersonal Psychotherapy as a time-limited (12-16 weeks) and diagnosis-targeted treatment, often used for major depression and other mental health disorders.
Therapists practicing IPT assist patients in solving interpersonal crises while helping them understand their emotions as social signals. Because IPT targets interpersonal factors that are increasing anxiety levels, it’s designed to improve personal interactions, bolster social supports, and reduce symptoms of conditions like anxiety.
  1. Psychoanalysis was originally introduced through the work of Sigmund Freud in the early 20th century, and it still impacts how therapy is approached today. Psychoanalysis is a type of therapy that’s designed to be implemented over a prolonged period, as the therapist explores deeper issues like unconscious drivers of behavior and family patterns.
The American Psychological Association notes that these unconscious forces can include repressed impulses, internal conflicts, and the effects of childhood trauma. These factors then impact mental health and resilience. Psychoanalysis may include techniques like free association, dream analysis, and analysis of resistances and defenses.

SEEKING THERAPY FOR ANXIETY

When your anxiety is interfering with daily life, tasks, and relationships, it’s time to seek help from a qualified medical professional. Therapy can help reduce symptoms while also improving various other mental health conditions that co-occur alongside anxiety. Moreover, it’s crucial to explore the possibility of deeper mental, physical, and emotional issues at the root of anxiety. Finding the most effective therapy depends on which type of anxiety you have. The brain-imaging work at Amen Clinics using SPECT scans shows there are 7 types of anxiety (and depression), so it’s critical to know your type. No matter which type(s) of anxiety therapy you choose, know that there is help available—and a brighter, more peaceful future ahead. Anxiety, panic disorder, and other mental health issues can’t wait. At Amen Clinics, we’re here for you. We offer in-clinic brain scanning and appointments, as well as mental telehealth, clinical evaluations, and therapy for adults, teens, children, and couples. Find out more by speaking to a specialist today at 888-288-9834 or visit our contact page here. Brain fog. It’s one of the most common—and frustrating—symptoms associated with long COVID. That’s the lingering condition affecting nearly 1 in 5 people who get infected with SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19. For several years now, experts have been trying to discover the elusive causes of brain fog and other neurocognitive and mental health symptoms associated with long COVID. Exciting new research may provide some answers. A 2023 study published in the journal Cell has found a link between brain fog in long COVID and low serotonin levels. Let’s explore what this means for the millions of people struggling with long COVID. Click to Tweet Emerging research has found a link between low serotonin levels and long COVID.

WHAT IS LONG COVID?

Also called post COVID-19 syndrome, long COVID is defined as symptoms lasting months or years after being infected with the virus. Long COVID has been associated with over 200 symptoms, including neurocognitive issues and mental health problems, such as: These effects have earned the notorious syndrome the names “COVID brain” and “neuro COVID.” Brain fog has emerged as one of the top long COVID symptoms. Statistics about its prevalence range from 45% to 70% of all COVID long-haulers, according to findings in JAMA Open Network and Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience. People who have been infected with the virus that causes COVID-19 are also at dramatically increased risk of developing mental health conditions. These COVID-related mental disorders have also been tied to the rising use of alcohol, prescription medications, and recreational drugs. Brain-imaging studies including those at Amen Clinics using SPECT scans show that long COVID harms the brain in many ways. Among the damaging effects seen in long COVID are: Getting a functional brain scan with SPECT helps identify COVID-related brain changes.

SEROTONIN AND LONG COVID

Serotonin is a neurotransmitter that enables signaling between the body’s nerve cells. This feel-good brain chemical is involved in regulating moods, memory, sleep, stress, cognitive flexibility, sexual desire, and more. The 2023 study in Cell has linked decreased serotonin levels to the brain fog symptoms seen in post-COVID. Based on a combination of animal studies and human studies, the research found lower levels of serotonin in people with long COVID. In this study, having decreased serotonin levels post-COVID was also associated with a higher number of neurocognitive symptoms, such as brain fog, memory loss, and confusion. The research reveals how inflammation that persists post-COVID negatively impacts serotonin levels. According to the paper, inflammation reduces the neurotransmitter in several ways, including: The researchers suggest that the decreased levels of serotonin may reduce signaling to a region of the brain called the hippocampus. The hippocampus plays a vital role in memory formation, moods, and learning. Other research, also published in 2023, has found that COVID-19 triggers functional and structural changes in the hippocampus. Reduced serotonin signaling to this area may be causing these changes.

POST-COVID INFLAMMATION AND GUT HEALTH

The researchers of the paper in Cell also investigated the impact of long COVID in stool samples that came from previous studies. They found that in some people with long COVID, traces of the SARS-CoV-2 virus remains in the stool months after the infection. This indicates that in these individuals, some elements of the virus continue to be stored in the gut. The residual virus, called a viral reservoir, sparks immune system activity that triggers inflammation. It’s this inflammation that decreases the absorption of tryptophan.

LONG COVID TREATMENT

Overall, this research has implications for the treatment of long COVID. The scientists suggest that low serotonin levels may be a biomarker for long COVID. The researchers also sought to determine if boosting serotonin levels could effectively treat symptoms of long COVID. Using animal research, they found that restoring serotonin levels reversed memory loss in mice. In these trials, they used treatments involving the serotonin precursor tryptophan or selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), which are common antidepressants. Experts are now exploring if SSRIs may be an effective treatment for long COVID in certain individuals. This is promising, however, people with long COVID need to be aware that like all antidepressants, SSRIs come with some unwanted side effects. Some of the side effects associated with antidepressants include weight gain, sexual dysfunction (desire, arousal, and ability to orgasm), sleep issues, constipation, dry mouth, and more. The two most common complaints among patients at Amen Clinics who are taking antidepressants are weight gain and sexual issues. To overcome long COVID brain fog and other symptoms, consider taking a natural approach first.

3 NATURAL SEROTONIN BOOSTERS

Because prescription antidepressants are likely to cause side effects, it’s a good idea for people with long COVID to try to boost serotonin naturally. Here are 3 natural ways to increase serotonin levels.

5 WAYS TO LOWER INFLAMMATION AND IMPROVE GUT HEALTH

Considering the role of inflammation and the gut in the recent findings about long COVID symptoms, it’s also important to reduce inflammation and heal the gut. Natural strategies that may help include: Long COVID can be debilitating, so it’s important to be pro-active about your brain health to minimize symptoms. Incorporating these natural brain boosters can help. Brain fog, memory loss, and other mental health issues related to long COVID can’t wait. At Amen Clinics, we’re here for you. We offer in-clinic brain scanning and appointments, as well as mental telehealth, clinical evaluations, and therapy for adults, teens, children, and couples. Find out more by speaking to a specialist today at 888-288-9834 or visit our contact page here. This post has been updated since its original publish date. If you sliced your finger while chopping carrots, sprained your ankle while hiking, or broke your wrist after falling on a slippery floor, you’d probably race into action to: But what if you injured your brain from a car accident, a fall off your bike, or a hard hit during a sporting event? Since you can’t see your brain, would you even know it’s been injured? Would you follow the same steps? Or would you just hope it’s OK and return to your daily life? Contrary to popular belief, you don’t have to crack your skull or lose consciousness to damage your brain. A concussion or other mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) may also result from a sports injury, a blow to the head from a seemingly innocuous fall, or an explosive blast. Brain injuries can also occur from the sudden, jarring movement of the head and neck (like whiplash from a car accident). Contrary to popular belief, you don’t have to crack your skull or lose consciousness to damage your brain.
Click to tweet

A SILENT EPIDEMIC OF HEAD TRAUMA

Over 2 million head injuries are diagnosed each year in the U.S., according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). That’s not counting the hundreds of thousands, or perhaps millions, of unreported incidents of head trauma, including undiagnosed concussions. Why are there so many brain injuries? There are several reasons, including:

CONCUSSIONS AND MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES

Brain injuries are commonly associated with physical issues, such as dizziness, fatigue, headaches, visual disturbances, trouble sleeping, sensitivity to light and sound, and poor balance. But the impact goes much deeper. Research shows that brain injuries are also a major cause of mental health disorders, such as: However, few people (including psychiatrists) know this, because psychiatry remains the only medical specialty that almost never looks at the organ it treats.

CONCUSSION SYMPTOMS

Head injuries, including mild ones, can lead to a host of cognitive and psychosocial symptoms, such as: These symptoms can last for hours, days, weeks, months, years, or even decades. At Amen Clinics, the SPECT scans of 40% of all patients who undergo brain imaging have signs of underlying brain injury. Surprisingly, many of them either don’t remember getting injured or think the incident was so mild that it didn’t warrant attention. They’re usually stunned to discover that a past head injury may be contributing to their mental health problems and cognitive issues.

WHAT ROUTINE BRAIN IMAGING MISSES ABOUT HEAD INJURIES

If you seek medical treatment for a head injury, you may undergo certain types of brain imaging, such as MRI or CT. These neuroimaging technologies show the structure of the brain, but they don’t provide information on how it is functioning. For this reason, an MRI scan or CT scan can show “normal” results even if you’re struggling with symptoms. Brain SPECT imaging, on the other hand, shows how the brain functions. It measures blood flow and activity in the brain and shows 3 things: This can be more valuable in cases where cognitive dysfunction, psychological issues, or behavioral problems are present.

PREVENTION IS THE BEST MEDICINE FOR BRAIN HEALTH

To help keep your brain safe and prevent brain injuries:

HOW TO HELP YOUR BRAIN HEAL AFTER A CONCUSSION

Many people have a first-aid kit for life’s mishaps. It’s just as important to have a concussion first-aid kit that can minimize damage and accelerate the healing process. In addition, you should protect yourself from hurting your brain again as repeat injuries increase the risk of serious long-term problems. Other self-care techniques you can use to help your brain heal include: Concussions and the cognitive and mental health issues associated with them can’t wait. At Amen Clinics, we’re here for you. We offer in-clinic brain scanning and appointments, as well as mental telehealth, clinical evaluations, and therapy for adults, teens, children, and couples. Find out more by speaking to a specialist today at 888-288-9834 or visit our contact page here. Depression, already one of the country’s most common mental health conditions, has hit a new high in the United States. According to a 2023 Gallup poll, 29% of adults in America have been diagnosed with depression at one time in their lives. And 17.8% currently have the condition or are undergoing depression treatment. These numbers reflect a 10% and 7% increase, respectively, over the organization’s 2015 stats. Based on tens of thousands of depressed patients treated at Amen Clinics, it’s clear that far too many people with depression are engaging in habits that make the problem worse. Here, you’ll discover the worst depression habits and how to put a stop to them, so you can accelerate the healing process. Prescription medications should be considered only one option in treating depressive symptoms—not as the first line of defense or as a single solution.
Click to tweet

7 DEPRESSION DON’TS

Depression causes are numerous and multifaceted, and treatments are never one-size-fits-all. But there are certain steps anyone can take when facing the signs of depression. In fact, many of them center around things to avoid—from not drinking alcohol to limiting social media exposure. Here are 7 of the most impactful depression don’ts.

  1. Stop reaching for substances to help you cope.

Drugs (including alcohol), cigarettes, sugar—Americans with and without depression often reach for substances to self-soothe. Unfortunately, these “solutions” are actually new problems waiting to happen. They can lead to addiction, hamper brain function, or lead to long-term brain damage. Even in the short term, you’ll feel worse after using them, not better. For example, cannabis, cigarettes, and alcohol have all been associated with lower cerebral blood flow in brain SPECT scans, which can have a negative effect on mood. Cannabis has been tied to everything from psychosis to depression and suicidal thoughts. Drinking in excess, meanwhile, tends to exacerbate mental health conditions like depression and anxiety. And research has linked smoking with a higher likelihood of depression. Ultraprocessed foods, also fit the criteria of causing addiction—a scary fact, since they’re a key feature of the Standard American Diet. Numerous research studies have shown the link between processed foods and symptoms of anxiety and depression. To all of the above harmful substances: Just say no. Instead, fuel your body and brain—while reducing depression symptoms—with a well-balanced diet that incorporates fruits and vegetables, fish, lean meats, healthy fats, and whole grains.

  1. Stop hiding out.

When depression strikes, it’s tempting to hibernate under the covers, isolating from others and not venturing outdoors. But these avoidance tactics actually make matters worse. First, lack of sunlight can overstimulate melatonin production. This may lead to a sluggish or sleepy feeling while also reducing production of serotonin and vitamin D, associated with lower moods. In addition, avoiding social activities can be detrimental to mental health, as many of us discovered during the COVID-19 pandemic. Positive social relationships can help lift mood, while loneliness and isolation have been strongly associated with depressed mood, low energy, and even feelings of worthlessness. Finally, lounging in bed all day typically worsens, not helps, depressive symptoms. Looping and negative thought patterns can spiral out of control when we’re inactive. Instead, distract yourself with something that gets you up and moving, like a walk outside, a phone call, or a gardening session. Such activities can move negative feelings to the back burner and give you a sense of accomplishment and purpose.

  1. Stop over-relying on meds.

When it comes to mental health conditions like depression, a customized treatment plan is crucial. The brain-imaging work at Amen Clinics using SPECT scans has helped identified 7 types of depression. You need to know your type to get the most effective treatment. In addition, everyone experiences depression differently. Antidepressants that are helpful to one patient may be useless to another. In fact, commonly prescribed medications, including Prozac and Zoloft, may actually aggravate symptoms for certain types of depression. In other cases, prescription drugs may lead to unwanted side effects. Other cases of depression are biologically based, related to factors like brain injury, obesity, or chronic insomnia. That means they may not respond to antidepressants. Brain SPECT imaging can assist in determining the type of depression, so that treatment can be helpful, not harmful. In addition, prescription medications should be considered only one option in treating depressive symptoms—not as the first line of defense or as a single solution. Numerous natural solutions can help combat the symptoms of depression. Ultimately, depression treatment must be individualized and then monitored for maximum benefit.

  1. Stop indulging your negative thoughts.

Even those without depressive symptoms can struggle with automatic negative thoughts (ANTs). These destructive inner voices transmit skewed perspectives in the form of catastrophic thinking, guilt, fortune telling, mind reading, all-or-nothing thinking, blaming yourself or others…the list goes on. Here’s the good news: You don’t have to believe any of them. In the throes of clinical depression, it’s easy for thoughts to take a serious downturn, so ANTs are a typical feature of this condition. But that doesn’t mean they are true. Use this simple method for taking a closer look at these insidious invaders: Practice this form of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) regularly, and you’ll start to see the faulty logic and repeating patterns behind your thoughts. They will shift as you greet them with more scrutiny.

  1. Stop comparing yourself to others.

In the age of social media, comparison can feel inevitable. But it’s especially demoralizing for those who struggle with major depressive disorder. One study, published in a 2022 issue of the Journal of Behavioral Addictions, cited various previous research linking problematic social media use with depression, including a bidirectional association. This means that problem usage may lead to depression, while depression may increase problematic use. The study concluded that female study participants were more likely to use social media in a problematic way, including comparing themselves more negatively to others. And higher problematic social media use scores were associated with depression, low self-esteem, and more negative comparisons to other social media users. Therefore, those with depression should limit social media use. It’s both potentially addictive and harmful, particularly to young adults. One study even linked the increase in mental health crises—including higher rates of depression and suicide—among teen girls with the rise of electronic usage. Ultimately, researchers found, more screen time was associated with worse mental health outcomes.

  1. Stop allowing stresses to pile up without processing them.

Stress happens—to everyone. But for those with depression, it’s especially important to find healthy ways of processing it. When your body is constantly in fight-or-flight mode, it’s releasing stress hormones like cortisol around the clock. Over time, you can find yourself fighting physical symptoms as a result—everything from sleep disturbances to depression. In fact, one study from 2018 noted that chronic stress and depression may be closely linked. Feeling stressed? Try one of these effective, natural ways to work through your feelings:

  1. Stop feeling hopeless about your depression.

Depression often makes it difficult to see the light at the end of the tunnel. And though the stigma around mental health issues has significantly decreased as more people step forward, some still hesitate to ask for help. If you or a loved one is struggling with this common condition, remember that depression is treatable. Left untreated, depression can lead to additional problems, such as substance abuse, chronic health conditions, or suicide. The sooner you act, the better your outcome may be, so reach out for help immediately. Be sure to visit a mental health professional who understands that mental health is tied to brain health. When you start the journey of healing, you’ll find that there is hope. Depression and other mental health issues can’t wait. At Amen Clinics, we’re here for you. We offer in-clinic brain scanning and appointments, as well as mental telehealth, clinical evaluations, and therapy for adults, teens, children, and couples. Find out more by speaking to a specialist today at 888-401-2910 or visit our contact page here.

Are You Raising Competent Young Adults or Just Big Kids?

Excerpted from Raising Mentally Strong Kids, by Daniel Amen, MD, and Charles Fay, PhD Eighteen—that magic number we see as “adulthood.” Way before that age most of us hope that our kids are growing in independence, resourcefulness, responsibility, and resilience. As most seasoned parents know, however, it takes well into our children’s mid-twenties, or later, for most of us to feel they no longer need our guidance. It takes well into our children’s mid-twenties, or later, for most of us parents to feel they no longer need our guidance.
Click to tweet

WHY YOUNG ADULTS STILL NEED PARENTAL GUIDANCE

Basically, a young person’s brain is still developing until their mid-twenties, so they still need parental guidance. “Guidance” doesn’t mean that we need to be overly involved in their adult lives, trying to control their decisions. Nor does it mean that we are rescuing them from their poor decisions or even typical challenges. Guidance means we are showing that we care and believe in them, continuing to model what we hope they will become, and sharing our wisdom when they want it. That’s why most of the parenting skills of practical neuroscience also apply to young adult children. When you face relationship challenges or hear about their struggles, don’t hesitate to respond with love and firmness.

5 PRINCIPLES OF RAISING MENTALLY STRONG KIDS AND YOUNG ADULTS

To raise mentally strong kids and young adults, you need to know the Five Principles of Love and Logic. Like a delicious meal, the first four principles are the ingredients. The fifth represents the wonderful results of combining them: Mutual Dignity + Shared Thinking + Shared Control + Empathy = Healthy Relationships.

  1. Develop mutual dignity with adult children.

The principle of mutual dignity means that both parties in a relationship treat each other with great respect and worth. Putting someone on a pedestal and lavishing them with praise and gifts meant for royalty creates great confusion, a sense of entitlement, and anger toward the ones bearing gifts. It also plays a sad role in stunting their ability to handle adversity. Mental strength is always lacking in people who’ve been idolized and expected to do very little. They express more anxiety, lower academic achievement, substance abuse, and other negative outcomes. When someone tries to do everything for us and give us all that we need and want, it interferes with the hard work required to grow up and develop the hallmarks of maturity. Like wildlife consistently fed by a well-meaning yet unwise animal lover, we become dependent. This dependency leads to resentment, which often promotes aggression. Mental health professionals often call this outcome hostile dependency. Developing mutual dignity requires:

2 (and 3). Strengthen shared thinking and shared control.

Boundaries help transition responsibility and accountability to where it belongs. When you embrace them, you give up trying to control your child. You allow them to take control and learn to use their brains. That’s the only way your children will grow up and you’ll transition out of the parent role.

  1. Use empathy.

Empathy in parenting is a lifelong skill that will keep your relationship with your children healthy, even if they get off track as adults. It’s essential that empathy accompanies listening, requests, and boundaries at any age.

  1. Create healthy relationships.

When you raise kids with a practical neuropsychological approach, you give them the foundation they need to become mentally strong adults who are confident, competent, and resilient. Other factors may come into play that make young adulthood challenging for them to navigate. In any case, remember that your grown children are the only ones responsible for their choices. Your job is to love them with firmness, kindness, and empathy. Your consistency will strengthen your relationship, emphasize that they are in control of their own lives, and assure them that they know where to turn for support.

RAISING MENTALLY STRONG KIDS

You will find a Quick Boundary Test and more parenting strategies for young adults in the book Raising Mentally Strong Kids. In the book, Raising Mentally Strong Kids, brain and mental health expert Dr. Daniel Amen and child psychologist Dr. Charles Fay have teamed up to reveal what’s missing from most parenting books. It’s the fact that you need to address both the brain and the mind of your child (and yourself) in order to be an effective parent and raise competent humans. In this groundbreaking, science-backed book where neuroscience meets practical psychology, parents are given proven tools to help children of all ages go from defiance, meltdowns, and power struggles to being responsible, resilient, and confident. Order your copy now and put your child on the path to a brighter future. If you want to join the tens of thousands of parents and children who have already learned how to be mentally stronger at Amen Clinics, speak to a specialist today at 888-288-9834 or visit our contact page here.  

“The pill” is one of the most popular forms of birth control in the world. Statistics show that in the U.S., approximately 1 in 4 women aged 15-44 who are using contraception are taking oral contraceptives, also known as birth control pills. What many of these women don’t know is that the birth control pill can cause an imbalance of hormones, which have negative impacts on brain function and mental health.

In fact, many women have misconceptions about how these hormonal contraceptives affect the brain and body and how they influence overall health. It’s time to clear up the confusion.

Research shows that taking birth control pills causes structural changes in the brain, alters neurotransmitter function, and messes with mood regulation.
Click to tweet

WHAT ARE ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES?

Oral contraceptives are most commonly associated with preventing pregnancy. However, they are also frequently used to reduce symptoms that may occur with menstruation, such as:

Because the pill can effectively decrease symptoms of these conditions, it is commonly prescribed.

HOW BIRTH CONTROL PILLS WORK INSIDE THE BODY

Most oral contraceptives are made with combinations of synthetic estrogen and progestin, a synthetic form of the hormone progesterone. After taking the pill, these synthetic hormones enter the brain and act as endocrine disruptors, interfering with the signaling process that is necessary for ovulation.

In particular, they prevent the hypothalamus from signaling to the pituitary gland (which regulates your hormones) to secrete the hormones that cause an egg to be released. In the unlikely event ovulation does occur and an egg is fertilized, the synthetic progestin thins the uterine lining, making it more likely that the egg will be shed.

Many birth control pills include a week of placebo pills that induce monthly breakthrough bleeding, but this is not a real menstrual period. It is an artificial pattern that eliminates the natural ebb and flow of estrogen and progesterone throughout the cycle.

HOW HORMONES WORK IN THE BRAIN AND BODY

In order to feel happy and healthy, you need to have balanced hormones. Here is some important information to note about the differences between natural and synthetic hormones.

Natural hormones bind to specific receptors and keep your body in balance:

 Synthetic progesterone (progestins) acts differently on the body:

Because synthetic hormones may bind to the wrong receptors, birth control pills may cause hormonal imbalances and detrimental side effects. Not all women experience these problems, but for those that do, side effects can be quite miserable.

THE HEAVY TOLL OF ORAL CONTRACEPTIVES ON THE BRAIN

You may already know that birth control pills have been shown to cause problems with blood pressure. They also increase the risk of blood clots and strokes, especially if you smoke or have a history of migraine headaches. But did you know that birth control pills also affect your brain and mental health?

Research shows that taking birth control pills causes structural changes in the brain, alters neurotransmitter function, and messes with mood regulation.

The gut—your gastrointestinal tract (GI)—is often called the second brain because it is lined with about 100 million neurons. That’s more neurons than you have in your spinal cord or in your peripheral nervous system.

Research shows that gut health problems, such as leaky gut, are associated with mood and anxiety disorders. A 2017 article explored the connection between gut health and ADD/ADHD.

In particular, key nutrient depletions have been seen in folic acid, B vitamins (B2, B6, and B12), vitamins C and E, and the minerals magnesium, zinc, and selenium—micronutrients that are important for healthy brain function. If you’re taking oral contraceptives, it’s a good idea to take nutritional supplements to avoid deficiencies.

SYMPTOMS OF HORMONAL IMBALANCE

Many women have no idea that their birth control pills may be causing the following issues:

To find out if your birth control pills are contributing to your symptoms, it’s important to get tested. However, simple standard blood tests will rarely detect this problem.

A better option is a 24-hour urine hormone collection, which is the gold standard for looking at all the hormones and their metabolic byproducts. An integrative medicine physician, also called a function medicine physician, can be helpful in assessing hormone levels, nutrient deficiencies, and other issues related to hormonal birth control.

ARE YOU READY TO STOP TAKING BIRTH CONTROL PILLS?

Going off the pill isn’t necessarily a quick-fix solution. Some women experience a rash of symptoms—including mood swings, anxiety, and depression—in the months following cessation of hormonal birth control. Some hormonal experts have started calling this effect “post-birth control syndrome.”

In addition, it’s important to remember that if you started taking the pill because you were experiencing irregular periods, fibroids, endometriosis, or other symptoms, the pill doesn’t actually address those issues. It only masks the problem. When you stop taking oral contraceptives, that original issue may return with a vengeance.

If you were experiencing menstrual Irregularities, take note that taking natural progesterone can be quite effective for some women—without any of the side effects of synthetic progestin in hormonal contraceptives.

If you’re concerned about unplanned pregnancy, there are other non-synthetic, non-hormonal birth control options available that you can discuss with an integrative physician.

HOW TO GET BACK INTO HORMONAL BALANCE

If you have been taking birth control pills for many years, it can take several months to rebalance your natural hormone levels. This is due to the chronic suppression of your own hormone production. It is often helpful to supplement hormones during this recovery period.

If you must stay on the pill for any particular reason, consider asking your physician about using natural progesterone and/or testosterone to improve quality-of-life issues while taking the pill.

Depression, anxiety, and other issues related to hormonal imbalances can’t wait. At Amen Clinics, we’re here for you. We offer in-clinic brain scanning and appointments, as well as mental telehealth, clinical evaluations, and therapy for adults, teens, children, and couples. Find out more by speaking to a specialist today at 888-288-9834 or visit our contact page here.

 

Depression rates in the U.S. have reached historic highs. According to a 2023 Gallup survey, 29% of American adults have been diagnosed with the mental health condition at some point in their lifetime. It’s hitting men hard. Among men, over 1 in 5 will be diagnosed with clinical depression, which is roughly twice the rate in 2017. And more than 11% of men are currently living with depressive disorder. What’s making so many men depressed? In some cases, it may be a sign of low testosterone. Among men, over 1 in 5 will be diagnosed with clinical depression, which is roughly twice the rate in 2017. And more than 11% of men are currently living with depressive disorder.
Click to tweet

WHAT IS TESTOSTERONE?

Testosterone, which is referred to as an androgen, is a male hormone. This important hormone fuels the development of the male brain. It is responsible for the deep voice, facial hair, muscle strength, and other traits we usually associate with being a man. Although testosterone is considered a male hormone, it is also produced in the female body, simply in lower amounts. In general, optimal levels of testosterone support a man’s brain health, strength, energy, motivation, and sex drive. It helps safeguard the nervous system and protects against mood disorders, cognitive decline, and dementia, including Alzheimer’s disease. Testosterone is also thought to help prevent inflammation, which some researchers believe is why men are less likely to suffer from inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and autoimmune disorders such as lupus. If testosterone levels decline, however, these protective properties are diminished.

WHAT IS LOW TESTOSTERONE?

Low testosterone, known as male hypogonadism, occurs when the body doesn’t produce enough of the hormone. Testosterone levels typically peak during the late teenage years and remain high throughout a man’s 20s. However, starting at about age 30, testosterone levels gradually decrease. Research shows that the aging process can leave some men with low testosterone levels that contribute to anxiety and depression symptoms, as well as other issues.

COMMON SYMPTOMS OF LOW TESTOSTERONE

Low testosterone (low T) levels can cause a variety of symptoms that affect a man’s quality of life. Common low testosterone symptoms include: The symptoms of low T are most common in older men, but they can appear at any age.

COMMON CAUSES OF LOW TESTOSTERONE

Normal aging is the most common cause of low testosterone. However, researchers at the Yale School of Medicine found that over the past few decades, testosterone levels are also declining in adolescent and young adult men (AYA). Their findings suggest that approximately 1 in 5 men aged 15-39 have testosterone deficiency. The researchers expect hormone levels to continue dropping in young men, in part due to rising rates of diabetes and body mass index, poor diet, decreased exercise, marijuana use, and exposure to environmental toxins. Concussions, which are more common in men, are another common yet often unrecognized cause of low T. This is because head trauma can damage the pituitary gland, which is situated in a vulnerable area of the skull. When this occurs, it can impact the production of hormones, such as testosterone. This can lead to hormonal imbalances. The brain SPECT imaging work at Amen Clinics reveals damage to the brain due to head injuries. In fact, SPECT scans show that 40% of patients at Amen Clinics have experienced a significant brain injury. What’s surprising is that many of them don’t recall being hurt, or they think their head injury was too insignificant to mention. What these individuals don’t realize is that a mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) can negatively impact hormone production and lead to mental health symptoms like depression. Other causes of low testosterone include: Additional factors that contribute to low testosterone include too much belly fat, high stress levels, a high-sugar diet, eating too many processed foods, low zinc levels, and excessive alcohol consumption.

IS IT DEPRESSION OR LOW T?

Research shows that depression symptoms are common in men with low T. Many of the symptoms of low T are similar to those in depression, such as low energy, lack of motivation, low sex drive, moodiness, and trouble concentrating. Because of this, it’s critical to know if your symptoms are due to depression or low T. This is where functional brain imaging with SPECT can be so valuable. SPECT measures blood flow and activity in the brain. It shows areas of the brain with healthy blood flow/activity, as well as those with too much or too little blood flow/activity. On SPECT, people with depression tend to have too much activity in the deep limbic system. And people with hormonal deficiencies or head trauma often have areas of decreased blood flow. Seeing the brain patterns can help you get a more accurate diagnosis, which leads to more effective treatment.

HOW TO TREAT LOW TESTOSTERONE 

Testosterone replacement therapy (TRT) is an effective treatment option that helps restore hormonal balance. TRT is available in many forms, including injections, topical gels, and patches. It’s important to work with your physician to determine if TRT is right for you. Other ways to support healthy testosterone levels include: Keeping testosterone levels healthy can help men maintain more positive moods, greater energy levels, and increased motivation and sex drive. Ultimately, these enhance a man’s overall quality of life at any age. Depression, anxiety, and other mental health issues can’t wait. At Amen Clinics, we’re here for you. We offer in-clinic brain scanning and appointments, as well as mental telehealth, clinical evaluations, and therapy for adults, teens, children, and couples. Find out more by speaking to a specialist today at 888-288-9834 or visit our contact page here.