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Can you imagine a world in which it’s socially acceptable to ingest cocaine or heroin in public, as a way to “loosen up”? Or a society in which methamphetamine is sold at the grocery store and gas station? Would you believe someone who says it’s OK, or even beneficial to your health, to smoke cigarettes in moderation? These situations might sound outlandish, but when it comes to the drug called alcohol, Americans believe all of the above are completely normal. Many people don’t even consider alcohol a drug, as if it requires a separate category of its own. This casual attitude, combined with widespread availability, has helped establish alcohol as the most dangerous drug in the world. Fortunately, Americans’ attitudes about drinking are changing. Today, people of all ages—especially millennials and Gen Z—are pushing back against the notion that consuming alcohol is a default or a necessity. This rethinking of drinking habits is fueling the fast-growing sober curious movement. In past decades, the choice to give up drinking was usually associated with rock-bottom addicts. Today, sobriety has been reframed as a liberating and life-affirming choice, even for those who drink “in moderation.”
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HOW ALCOHOL IMPACTS THE BODY AND BRAIN

Americans are more informed than ever about preventable health risks, while seeking pathways to better quality of life and increased longevity. At the same time, scientists and consumers alike now know that drinking can lead to numerous negative effects, such as You don’t need to have a drinking problem to experience or notice these drawbacks. Even a drink or two per night will impact every system in the body. Compromised liver function, digestion issues, impaired immune system response, and poorer heart health are just some additional effects of drinking, even in so-called “moderation.” Alcohol also impacts the brain—which means it increases risk of mental health conditions. Many studies have noted that alcohol abuse can damage brain areas like the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. These regions oversee crucial tasks like decision-making, memory, learning, and mood. Meanwhile, alcohol inhibits healthy blood flow to your brain, which means it can’t work optimally. Research has also linked moderate alcohol consumption (1-7 drinks per week) with lower total brain volume. As a result, dementia risk rises—and so does the possibility of mental health disorders. In addition to the depression and anxiety listed above, alcohol can lead to or aggravate issues like bipolar disorder, ADD/ADHD, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Alcohol abuse is also associated with increased suicide risk.

WHAT IS SOBER CURIOUS?

The term “sober curious” was introduced by author Ruby Warrington in 2018. In her book Sober Curious, Warrington recommends becoming more aware of drinking habits in a culture that treats imbibing as a given. In past decades, the choice to give up drinking was usually associated with rock-bottom addicts. Today, sobriety has been reframed as a liberating and life-affirming choice, even for those who drink “in moderation.” Many people are realizing alcohol isn’t adding anything to their life—in fact, it detracts from their health and day-to-day performance. One caveat must be mentioned: The sober curious approach is likely not the best option for those who struggle with alcohol use disorder. The point of becoming sober curious is to stop or limit alcohol consumption before a problem develops. If you consistently experience harmful impacts in your everyday life due to drinking, or have tried unsuccessfully to quit or cut down your intake, you may need a different approach. This can include total abstinence and/or an addiction recovery program. However, for lighter drinkers, becoming sober curious can help introduce more mindfulness around drinking. This may involve:

GROWTH OF THE SOBER CURIOUS MOVEMENT

Many Americans are now questioning their relationship with alcohol—and many are reducing their consumption or eliminating it altogether. Though the pandemic increased drinking levels overall, young adults are less interested in drinking than in decades past. The sober curious movement has attracted interest worldwide. Today, nondrinkers can choose from a wider array of nonalcoholic beverages, such as alcohol-free beer, wine, and “spirits” that mimic the originals (without the booze). There are even alcohol-free bars popping up around the country to serve this growing market.  For those who are interested in discovering what life is like without drinking, various efforts invite them to attempt short-term trials. Dry January, which started in 2013 in the United Kingdom, challenges people to abstain from alcohol for the first month of the year. The similar concept of Sober October was introduced in 2014. Experimenting with short-term stints of sobriety allows people to experience firsthand the health benefits of abstaining. Many notice numerous positive effects, such as getting better sleep, saving money, and having more time to spend on hobbies and other interests.

HOW TO LIVE A SOBER CURIOUS LIFESTYLE

Choosing to not drink allows you to show up for life 100%: clear-headed and functioning at an optimal level, every day. But how do you navigate a society that still normalizes—even expects—drinking alcohol? Here are some tips:

  1. Ask yourself what alcohol provides.

People drink alcohol for all kinds of reasons. Perhaps you believe it helps you become more social. Or you assume that everyone else is doing it, and you want to fit in. Maybe you use alcohol to relax or unwind at the end of a workday. Now ask yourself what else might give you that effect. If you want to loosen up before an event, some upbeat music while getting ready at home might do the trick. If you want to relax, you can try chamomile tea, a hot bath, meditation, or deep breathing exercises. Look for ways to create the effects you desire without relying on booze.

  1. Ask yourself what alcohol takes away.

To stay on track with a sober curious experiment—either abstaining for a period or cutting back—take note of alcohol’s drawbacks. Does it wreck your sleep or strain your relationships? Do you find yourself unable to remain fully present while spending time with your friends? Are you more likely to eat junk food or skip that morning workout after having a couple of cocktails? Track all of the ways alcohol interferes with your life. When you consider everything you’ll gain by not drinking—rather than focusing on what you think you’re missing—you’ll shift your perspective.

  1. Plan ahead.

If you’re attending an event serving alcohol, don’t leave home without a plan in place. Decide how much you’ll drink and stick to that limit. Tell a friend for added accountability. If you’re not drinking at all, ask ahead of time about nonalcoholic drink options or bring your own. If you’re worried about peer pressure, hold and sip something that looks like an alcoholic beverage, such as a club soda with lime. If you’re concerned that people will offer you alcohol, prepare an answer. Some people choose to say they’re following a healthier diet, they’re the designated driver, or they have an early-morning wakeup. How much—and what—you share with people is up to you, but you don’t owe anyone an explanation. Moreover, you’ll likely be surprised that most people aren’t concerned about what you’re drinking. Some may even applaud you for making a more responsible choice.

BEING SOBER CURIOUS CAN LEAD TO HEALTHIER CHOICES

A comprehensive global study involving 195 countries over 26 years found that, to minimize health risks, the optimal level of alcohol consumption is zero. Of course, experimenting with the sober curious lifestyle may not immediately inspire you to quit drinking altogether. But it will give you more awareness of why, when, and how much you drink. Being sober curious can be just the impetus you need to make healthier alcohol choices over the long haul—and eventually quit for good. Alcohol use disorder and other mental health issues can’t wait. At Amen Clinics, we’re here for you. We offer in-clinic brain scanning and appointments, as well as mental telehealth, clinical evaluations, and therapy for adults, teens, children, and couples. Find out more by speaking to a specialist today at 888-288-9834 or visit our contact page here. When you think of perimenopause and menopause, you probably think about symptoms like hot flashes and weight gain. While you may think these are issues with the skin or body, they’re actually related to glitches in the brain. In fact, many menopause symptoms are associated with changes in the brain. The hormonal upheaval that occurs during this time of a woman’s life impacts the menopause brain in ways that lead to issues with mood, brain fog, anxiety, memory, sleep, and the regulation of body temperature. Here’s how menopause impacts the brain, sets you up for symptoms, and what you can do about it. The hormonal upheaval that occurs during menopause impacts the brain in ways that lead to issues with mood, anxiety, memory, sleep, and the regulation of body temperature.
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WHAT ARE NEUROHORMONES?

Hormones are chemical messengers produced in the body that control and regulate the When neurohormones are balanced, you tend to feel energetic, positive, and mentally sharp. When hormone levels are imbalanced you’re more likely to experience brain health problems and mental health issues, such as clinical depression, anxiety disorders, panic attacks, Alzheimer’s disease, and other types of dementia.

ESTROGEN IN THE BRAIN

The female brain has many estrogen receptors, especially in areas involved in moods, memory, body temperature, and sleep. The female body produces three kinds of estrogen: When estrogen levels are healthy and balanced, it helps optimize brain function, which contributes to positive moods, a sharp memory, comfortable body temperature, and restful sleep. Research shows that estrogen also plays a critical neuroprotective role, preventing brain aging. After menopause, women produce dramatically lower levels of E2 and E3. This means women lose their neuroprotective effects. The drops in estrogen levels that occur during menopause cause changes in the brain that can lead to mood problems, memory loss, and more.

PROGESTERONE IN THE BRAIN

Another primary hormone produced in the female body is progesterone. There is a high concentration of progesterone receptors in the brain. Think of progesterone as the “relaxation hormone.” When it is in balance with estrogen, it calms you, brings feelings of peacefulness, and promotes sleep. It has also been shown to reduce inflammation and counteract damage from brain injuries. Neuroscience research shows that progesterone affects the brain in the following ways: During perimenopause and after menopause, levels of progesterone drop. This can lead to irritability, anxiousness, depression, sleepless nights, and brain fog.

5 WAYS MENOPAUSE IMPACTS BRAIN FUNCTION

  1. Changes in brain structure
A 2021 brain-imaging study in Scientific Reports found that the menopause transition is associated with several changes in the brain, including reductions in gray matter volume, connectivity, and energy metabolism. Other neuroimaging research also found decreases in brain volume in postmenopausal women compared to pre-menopausal women and males of the same age.
  1. Drops in neurohormone levels
In postmenopausal women, estrogen and progesterone levels plummet. This may result in: This transition can be so challenging that it prompts women to start taking mental health medications for the first time.
  1. Decreased blood flow to the brain
When estrogen declines, so does blood flow to the brain. At Amen Clinics, functional brain scans using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) show that low blood flow is associated with depression, anxiety disorders, insomnia, weight gain, problems with concentration, memory loss, and brain fog.
  1. Tiny brain lesions
Findings in a 2022 brain-imaging study in Neurology found that hot flashes, especially night sweats, increased white matter hyperintensity volume. In simple terms, these are tiny brain lesions in the white matter. Research shows that these lesions are associated with increased risk of cognitive decline, stroke, and other conditions.
  1. Biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease
A 2024 study points to an association between nighttime hot flashes and increases in Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers.

TREATMENT FOR MENOPAUSE-RELATED BRAIN CHANGES

Although these menopause-related brain changes may seem alarming, they aren’t necessarily permanent. Much of the research suggests that the brain changes and cognitive function issues noted during the menopause transition resolve over time. If you’re struggling with menopause symptoms, it’s important to seek treatment and adopt a brain-healthy lifestyle.
  1. Bioidentical hormone replacement therapy (BHRT)
Hormone replacement therapy continues to be controversial. It can be highly effective for the treatment of menopause symptoms like hot flashes/night sweats, weight gain, mood swings, memory loss, vaginal dryness, sleep problems, and libido. However, early research found that use of a synthetic estrogen increased the risk for breast cancer, heart disease, stroke, and blood clots. The medical community has since shifted to treating women with bioidentical HRT, which is identical to the hormones produced in the body. These bioidentical hormones also came under fire for potentially contributing to Alzheimer’s disease and other types of dementia in older women. New research puts an end to these fears. A 2023 meta-analysis of more than 50 studies has found that using bioidentical HRT at the time symptoms begin is associated with reduced risk of Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias.
  1. Exercise
Engaging in physical activity on a regular basis can help you through the menopause transition and postmenopause. One study found that high levels of exercise help reduce menopause symptoms. Be sure to include strength training as part of your exercise routine. It can help offset the loss of muscle mass and bone density that typically occurs as women age. Even if you’re tired, get your daily dose of exercise anyway. It provides natural energy, revs “happy” endorphins for your mood, and can help preserve and increase brain function.
  1. Stress reduction
Daily stress exacerbates brain fog and moodiness, so it’s important to develop a stress-reduction practice. Mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) may help reduce menopause symptoms, according to research. MBSR is a program that involves activities like yoga, meditation (sitting or walking), and an awareness technique called the body scan. This technique involves scanning your body and becoming aware of feeling and sensations in a nonjudgmental way. For some women, cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can be an effective way to learn skills and strategies for coping with stress. CBT is also useful as a depression treatment, a way to deal with hot flashes, and other menopause symptoms.
  1. Sleep hygiene
If you have trouble sleeping, develop a healthy sleep routine. Avoid caffeine later in the day, skip the alcohol with dinner, keep your bedroom cool, and turn off your tech devices at least an hour before bedtime.
  1. Healthy brain foods
Fuel your brain and body with nutrient-dense whole foods that provide you with more natural energy and mental sharpness, but fewer cravings. To minimize menopause symptoms, avoid alcohol, caffeine, high-sodium foods, sugar-laden foods and beverages, and ultraprocessed foods. With a holistic approach to menopause, you can not only survive but also thrive while aging. If menopause symptoms don’t respond to the treatments listed here, consider seeing a medical or mental health professional for more personalized care. Anxiety, depression, memory loss, brain fog, and other mental health issues related to menopause can’t wait. At Amen Clinics, we’re here for you. We offer in-clinic brain scanning and appointments, as well as mental telehealth, clinical evaluations, and therapy for adults, teens, children, and couples. Find out more by speaking to a specialist today at 888-288-9834 or visit our contact page here. Imagine you’re experiencing chest pains. You aren’t sure of the underlying cause, but they’re starting to interfere with your daily life. You visit a cardiologist, and the diagnosis finally arrives: chest pains. Would you be satisfied with that answer? This might sound ludicrous, but similar situations happen every day in the realm of mental health. According to the World Health Organization, an estimated 5% of the global population has depression. But when they seek help, instead of being thoroughly tested to find the root of their mental health problems, they’re too often told what they already know: They have depression. Getting diagnosed with clinical depression is simply not good enough. Instead, it’s crucial to determine what exactly is causing it, so you can get the most effective treatment plan. In this blog, you’ll discover 6 common depression causes and targeted treatment tips to help you feel better faster. Getting diagnosed with clinical depression is simply not good enough. Instead, it’s crucial to determine what exactly is causing it, so you can get the most effective treatment plan.
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VIEWING DEPRESSION AS A SYMPTOM

It’s important to think of depression as a symptom. Unless you know what’s causing your depression symptoms, you won’t get the targeted treatment you need. Furthermore, treatment should never consist only of antidepressant medications. One randomized controlled trial reported that more than half of those who report depression don’t experience relief from their symptoms simply by taking prescription antidepressants. And a significant number of people—about 1 in 3—don’t achieve remission even after four courses of antidepressant treatment. Treatment-resistant depression is all too common. These are just a few reasons why it’s important for mental health professionals and patients alike to start seeing depression as a symptom, not a diagnosis.

6 COMMON DEPRESSION CAUSES

If failing to properly diagnose and treat clinical depression is a too-common phenomenon, how can practitioners and patients improve? First, avoid assuming that depression is a single or straightforward disorder. Brain-imaging studies using SPECT scans at Amen Clinics clearly show that there are several types of depression. With so many possible contributing factors and causes of depression, it’s important to take a holistic view of each individual, as well as their environment. Depression is not only psychological. It can have biological roots, which are often overlooked by both traditional psychiatrists and mental health professionals. Let’s review some of the most common biological risk factors for depression—and how to address them:

  1. Head injuries

Mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBIs) can interfere with your mental health, even if you never blacked out or were diagnosed with a concussion. A 2020 study published in Frontiers in Neurology found that people who receive a mild head injury are more than 3 times more likely to have depression, compared to those without these injuries. Using SPECT brain imaging technology, which measures blood flow and activity, Amen Clinics has detected previous head trauma in roughly 40% of patients. Moreover, these clients are often completely unaware of the injury. So-called minor incidents, such as falling off a bike or being in a car accident, can cause a TBI—thus raising the risk for depression. Treatment tips: When a TBI is influencing the onset of clinical depression, it’s important to heal the underlying injury. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBOT) may help accelerate the healing of brain trauma. One study reported that a single HBOT session helped increase blood flow in the brains of individuals with a mild to moderate TBI.

  1. Low thyroid levels

According to a 2022 review, hypothyroidism (an underactive thyroid) is a common underlying issue for those with treatment-resistant depression. That’s not surprising, since low thyroid activity impacts brain function and creates a sluggish feeling. In fact, research has shown for decades that hypothyroidism is linked to depression. On brain SPECT scans, low thyroid levels tend to coincide with overall low activity in the brain—also seen in patients who complain of symptoms like brain fog and depression. Treatment tips: Check your thyroid levels and optimize them if necessary. Natural strategies can help balance thyroid function, which also boosts mood. Cut sugar out of your diet and consume more foods with high selenium levels, such as tuna, turkey, and Brazil nuts. Take a vitamin B-12 supplement for extra support.

  1. Inflammation

Unfortunately, many modern lifestyle choices—eating processed foods, drinking alcohol, or enduring constant stress—can lead to chronic inflammation in the body. Inflammation is a known risk factor for depression. Inflammation has been called a “silent killer,” because it’s often undetected but leads to life-threatening physical ailments. Numerous studies have also linked high levels of inflammation with a long list of mental health issues, including mood disorders like depression and bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, and more. Treatment tips: Poor gut health is strongly associated with elevated levels of inflammation in the body. Take care of your gut by adding a high-quality probiotic supplement to your daily routine. Certain nutritional supplements with anti-inflammatory properties—including omega-3 fatty acids and curcumin—have been found to decrease depression symptoms in those with chronic inflammation.

  1. Mold exposure

A home or workplace with toxic mold may trigger a host of issues, from depressive symptoms to memory loss and sleep disorders. And one large public health study, conducted among almost 6,000 adults by Brown University, found connections between depression and living in damp, moldy environments. Meanwhile, humans are exposed to toxic elements every day that can damage the body and brain. Chemicals, fumes, pesticides, and other products may contribute to mood swings and psychological distress. Unfortunately, such cases are prone to misdiagnosis. Treatment tips: Fix the source of the problem to promote better health. Stay away from moldy environments, install air purifiers, and take steps to eliminate mold. Discourage mold activity by preventing water leaks and fixing plumbing issues whenever they occur. If mold has already caused toxicity in the brain, numerous treatments are available. These may include medications, binding agents, metabolic support supplements, and more.

  1. COVID

Years after the first COVID-19 outbreaks, experts are still examining its widespread effects. One important finding from Amen Clinics’ brain-imaging work is that post-COVID brains can show increased activity in the limbic system, also known as the brain’s emotional center. This pattern is associated with depression. Many people remain unaware that infections like COVID are a major cause of mental health disorders, including depression. But a 2021 study in JAMA Network Open noted that, after being infected with COVID, more than half (52.4%) of patients met the criteria for major depressive disorder just several months later. Treatment tips: To help ward off infections, strengthen your immune system. Consume immune-boosting foods like garlic and onion, plus nutritional supplements like vitamin D, and therapeutic mushrooms like lion’s mane and reishi. In cases of long COVID, a holistic brain-body approach, from lifestyle changes to psychological strategies, can be effective in reducing symptoms. Meanwhile, studies have discovered potential in other treatments, such as infrared sauna therapy and HBOT, for accelerating post-COVID healing.

  1. Heart disease

The link between heart disease and depression is bidirectional: People with depression are more likely to develop heart disease and are more likely to die following a heart attack than those without depression. But research also shows that depression is 3 times more common in people who have already had a heart attack. Treatment tips: Many Americans are unaware that heart disease is the leading cause of death in the U.S.—despite that being the case for over 100 years! If you have heart disease, be vigilant about monitoring your mental health. If you don’t have heart disease, take steps now to prevent cardiovascular issues. Stick to a healthy diet and physical activity routine. Avoid smoking and drinking alcohol. Join a support group to create strong social bonds, which can have a positive impact on depression symptoms.

A BETTER WAY TO DIAGNOSE AND TREAT DEPRESSION

With so many possible causes and contributing factors, depression should never be viewed as a simple, straightforward mental health diagnosis. However, comprehensive testing, including functional brain scans such as SPECT, can help determine its root causes. Pinpointing and then addressing these underlying issues are the first steps toward truly healing. With the proper diagnosis and treatment plan, depression transforms from a potentially debilitating disorder to a symptom that can be minimized and managed in healthy, holistic ways. Depression and other mental health issues can’t wait. At Amen Clinics, we’re here for you. We offer in-clinic brain scanning and appointments, as well as mental telehealth, clinical evaluations, and therapy for adults, teens, children, and couples. Find out more by speaking to a specialist today at 888-288-9834 or visit our contact page here. Do you worry too much? Do you fret about every little thing in life? Are you constantly stressed about work, health, finances, and more? Maybe you even worry about your worrying. Some people call this “what if disease” or “worst-case scenario disease,” but it can actually be a sign of a mental health disorder. If chronic worrying is interfering with your daily routine and diminishing your quality of life, it’s time to take action. Are you constantly worried about your work, health, finances, relationship, children, pets, and more? Some people call this “what if disease,” but it can actually be a sign of a mental health disorder.
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This blog will introduce you to the consequences of constant worry, what makes some people more prone to worry, and how to stop worrying so you can feel happier.

WHAT IS CHRONIC WORRYING?

Chronic worry occurs when someone is unable to manage their worries. If you fall into this category, you may find that anxious thoughts tend to loop endlessly in your mind. And these fearful thoughts persist even in the lack of a direct threat. Worriers are often preoccupied with distressing thoughts about a wide range of things, including: When you are constantly fretting about what might go wrong, it can make it very difficult to relax. Chronic stress may lead to hypervigilance, which is being overly aware of your surroundings and potential dangers. You may also have a sense of impending doom, expecting something to go wrong at any moment. It’s important to understand that some anxiety and worry is a good thing. It helps you be prepared. However, chronic worry can be mentally exhausting and physically draining. It is associated with mental health disorders, such as anxiety disorders and obsessive-compulsive disorder. On the physical side, it can lead to muscle tension, a nervous stomach, loose bowels, high blood pressure, increased risk of viral and bacterial infections, and more.

WORRYING IN THE BRAIN

The brain-imaging work using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) scans at Amen Clinics shows that people who tend to be worriers often have busy brain. In particular, there is too much activity in an area of the brain called the anterior cingulate gyrus (ACG). Located deep in the middle of the frontal lobes, this fascinating region is involved in shifting your attention from one thought to another and from one activity to another. When there is heightened brain activity here, people tend to get stuck. Often due to low serotonin levels in the brain, overactivity in the ACG is common in people who get locked into negative thoughts or behaviors. They have trouble seeing options in situations and stay focused on those worst-case scenarios. Optimizing this part of the mind involves increasing serotonin levels and brain training techniques to stop getting stuck on worries.

6 WAYS TO STOP CHRONIC WORRYING

  1. Eat foods that increase serotonin levels.

Research shows there are two ways that food can increase serotonin levels. First, foods high in simple carbohydrates—such as pastas, potatoes, breads, pastries, pretzels, and popcorn—increase insulin levels. Second, the uptick in insulin raises the amount of L-tryptophan that enters the brain. Tryptophan is a natural amino acid building block for serotonin. With more tryptophan in the brain, more of it is converted to serotonin. The calming effect of serotonin can often be felt in 30 minutes or less by eating these foods. This may be one of the reasons simple carbohydrates are so addictive. Be aware that over time, simple carbohydrates can cause high blood-sugar levels that are associated with brain atrophy and some types of dementia, including Alzheimer’s disease. For a healthier way to boost serotonin, opt for complex carbohydrates, such as sweet potatoes and garbanzo beans.

  1. Exercise on a regular basis.

Physical activity can be helpful in calming worries and increasing cognitive flexibility. Exercise works by increasing brain levels of tryptophan, according to research. In addition, exercise increases your energy levels and may distract you from the worrisome thoughts that tend to loop in your mind. When you find yourself focusing on stressful thoughts, take an exercise break. Go for a brisk walk, do a few dance moves, try a few yoga poses, or engage in some other form of exercise. It can help take your mind off your worries.

  1. Practice “Thought Stopping.”

Whenever you notice thoughts looping or getting stuck in your head, imagine seeing a traffic stop sign in your head and silently saying to yourself, “STOP. THIS IS MY ACG GETTING STUCK!” For some people, the more actively they stop these thoughts, the more control they develop over them. Keep a journal where you note how many times you use thought stopping each day. It’s likely the number of times you’ll need this intervention will decrease as you gain better control.

  1. Notice when you’re stuck, distract yourself and come back later.

A primary way to overcome a busy anterior cingulate gyrus is to notice when you’re stuck on a thought and do something to distract yourself. Becoming aware of circular or looping thoughts is essential to gaining control over them. Distraction is often a very helpful technique. Get up and do something else. For example, try singing your favorite song, do a few stretches, or read an article.

  1. Think through answers before automatically saying no.

As mentioned, many worriers imagine the worst things that can happen. Because of this, when asked to do something, these people have an automatic tendency to say no. Fight this tendency. Before answering questions or responding to requests in a negative way, take a breath and think for a moment. If you automatically envision a bad outcome, practice thinking about a good outcome. Is that good scenario more likely to happen than the bad one? If so, say yes.

  1. Write out options and solutions when you feel stuck.

When you’re stuck on a stressful thought, it is often helpful to write it down. Writing it down helps to get it out of your head. Seeing a thought on paper makes it easier to deal with it in a rational way. When repetitive worries interfere with sleep, keep a pen and paper near your bed to write them out. After you write out a thought that has “gotten stuck,” generate a list of things you can do about it and things you can’t do about it. Practice focusing your energy on the things you can control about a situation and stop dwelling on what you can’t control.

SEEKING TREATMENT FOR EXCESSIVE WORRYING

By putting these strategies into action on a daily basis, you can begin to calm your worries. If you try all these interventions but are still wracked with worry, it may be time to see a mental health professional. Treatment options for anxiety and worrying may include various forms of psychotherapy, such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), medications, and/or nutritional supplements to boost serotonin levels. Be sure to choose a provider who understands that excessive worrying is associated with overactivity in the brain. This can help you get more targeted treatment that will be more effective. Chronic stress, excessive worrying, and other mental health issues can’t wait. At Amen Clinics, we’re here for you. We offer in-clinic brain scanning and appointments, as well as mental telehealth, clinical evaluations, and therapy for adults, teens, children, and couples. Find out more by speaking to a specialist today at 888-288-9834 or visit our contact page here. Have you ever felt profoundly disconnected from yourself or your surroundings, as if you were detached from your body or your environment? Most of us have at one point in our lives, or on occasion when we are overtired or stressed. However, some people experience this phenomenon recurrently and to such a degree that it is highly distressing and interferes with everyday functioning. It’s called depersonalization or, in formal diagnostic terms, depersonalization-derealization disorder (DPDRD). Frequently overlooked and often misdiagnosed, this mental health condition is a type of dissociative disorder. More common than you may think, it affects roughly 2.5 % of the population, according to research estimates. Too often, those who may struggle with depersonalization are unaware of it. They may go months or years before getting a proper diagnosis. Feeling detached in this way can diminish your quality of life. Here’s what depersonalization is, how to recognize it, and what can be done to treat it. Depersonalization describes a form of dissociation, which is characterized by a feeling of disconnectedness or detachment, particularly from oneself (behaviors, bodily sensations, emotions) or one’s identity.
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WHAT IS DEPERSONALIZATION-DEREALIZATION DISORDER?

The term “depersonalization” was originally coined in 1898. In 2013, depersonalization disorder was classified as a type of dissociative disorder and named “depersonalization-derealization disorder.” Depersonalization describes a form of dissociation, which is characterized by a feeling of disconnectedness or detachment, particularly from oneself (behaviors, bodily sensations, emotions) or one’s identity. The phenomenon has been described as feeling like you are outside of your body watching events happen. Closely related to depersonalization, the detached feeling or an altered perception can extend to one’s surroundings too, which is called derealization. With derealization, one’s environment may be perceived as visually distorted, lifeless, empty, or dreamlike. When an individual has DPDRD, they may experience one or both these aspects of dissociation. An episode of depersonalization can last for minutes, hours, or days. Depersonalization-derealization disorder is usually diagnosed when an individual experiences a chronic, unremitting progression of symptoms that last months or years, and the symptoms are associated with marked problems at work, school, or with social functioning. A lack of understanding, recognition and treatment for the condition exists today, so it is important to note a few additional defining distinctions of the disorder. First, an individual is aware that they are having the symptoms. Although the feelings are of “unreality” the person is very much in reality. Additionally, the symptoms are not better explained by another mental health disorder, such as schizophrenia, panic disorder, major depressive disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), stress, or other types of dissociative disorders. Nor are the symptoms due to the physiological effects of substances (drugs, alcohol, or medication) or another medical issue. Symptoms of depersonalization disorder can begin in early childhood, but the average age an individual first experiences the disorder is 16. Less than 20% of cases begin experiencing symptoms after age 20 and only 5% over the age of 25. Symptoms rarely occur over the age of 40. Without understanding the disorder, some individuals will make inaccurate assumptions. They may quietly carry a fear that they don’t really exist or that they have brain damage or are losing their mind. It takes an average of 7-12 years for an individual to get a correct diagnosis of DPDRD.

11 COMMON DEPERSONALIZATION SYMPTOMS

You cannot physically observe the symptoms of depersonalization-derealization disorder. They are invisible and only involve changes in subjective experience. As a dissociative disorder, symptoms of DPDRD are believed to result from a disruption in the healthy integration of consciousness, perception, memory, identity, behavior, and motor control. Depersonalization symptoms may include: Derealization symptoms may include:

WHAT CAUSES DEPERSONALIZATION?

The specific causes of DPDRD are not well understood. That said, experts have found that episodes of depersonalization may result from: Depersonalization-derealization disorder is more complex and highly associated with trauma—particularly childhood emotional trauma, according to research. Indeed, having a history of physical or emotional abuse, severe stress, or neglect can lead to the development of DPDRD. Other traumas such as exposure to combat, natural disasters, or violence may trigger depersonalization symptoms as well. There are theories as to why this is. Many experts believe depersonalization offers a protective barrier against trauma. In the face of an overwhelming experience, the dissociative state of depersonalization provides a psychic escape in situations where there’s no physical escape. Yet, over time, and especially in cases of repeated trauma during childhood, the use of dissociation can be an automatic response to stress. Neuroimaging research suggests there are neurobiological factors in dissociative disorders in general. With DPDRD, research has discovered white matter network alterations, although its implications are not yet fully understood.

TREATMENT FOR DEPERSONALIZATION-DEREALIZATION DISORDER

There’s real hope for people who struggle with this condition. Some of the most common treatment options include the following: Through therapy, individuals can also learn about the nature of their distressing symptoms. They can learn to avoid triggers and use behavioral techniques such as grounding exercises (turning on music, chanting, touching objects, etc.) to counter symptoms. Some physicians recommend anti-anxiety pills, such as benzodiazepines. However, brain-imaging studies using single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) scans at Amen Clinics show that these medications harm the brain. In addition, once you start taking benzodiazepines it can be hard to stop taking them. If you or someone you love is experiencing symptoms of DPDRD, reach out to a qualified mental health professional for a psychiatric evaluation as soon as possible. Depersonalization-derealization symptoms, dissociative disorders, and other mental health issues can’t wait. At Amen Clinics, we’re here for you. We offer in-clinic brain scanning and appointments, as well as mental telehealth, clinical evaluations, and therapy for adults, teens, children, and couples. Find out more by speaking to a specialist today at 888-288-9834 or visit our contact page here

You may think the ketogenic diet, or keto diet, is simply one of the latest trends in weight loss. But did you know that this diet has been used since the 1920s as a medical treatment?

For about 100 years, physicians have been recommending the keto diet to patients with treatment-resistant epilepsy. In fact, scientific research shows that it cuts the frequency  of epileptic seizures in children by more than 50%.

But that isn’t its only impact on the brain. What else does the keto diet do to your brain? Does it enhance brain function and mental health? Or does it lead to problems?

In this blog, you’ll learn more about the keto diet, how it impacts the brain, and the pros and cons regarding its effects on mental health.

A growing body of research shows that the keto diet can have positive benefits on mental health.
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WHAT IS THE KETO DIET?

On the ketogenic diet, or keto diet, you can lose weight while eating bacon, cheese, chocolate, avocado, and whipped cream. Sounds great, right?

It works, but only if you dramatically decrease your intake of carbohydrates. That means little or no grains, sugary sweets, or potatoes. For many people who want to lose weight, this sounds like a good trade-off.

The keto diet can be challenging to maintain, but when it works it can be powerfully effective. The main idea is for you to get more calories from protein and fat and significantly fewer calories from carbohydrates. Basically, you cut back on carbs that are easy to digest, such as sugar, soda, pastries, and white bread—something you should do anyway.

When you eat less than 50 grams of carbohydrates a day, your body runs out of blood sugars and eventually (usually after 3-4 days) starts to break down protein and fat for energy. This is called ketosis.

People use this diet most often to lose weight because it takes more calories to convert fat into energy than carbohydrates and helps you feel fuller longer.

However, it has also been used to help with medical conditions, such as seizures, type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure, acne, and even some forms of cancer.

THE KETO DIET AND MENTAL HEALTH: PROS

A growing body of research shows that the keto diet can have positive benefits on mental health. A review of studies on the diet show it improved symptoms related to depression, anxiety disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and schizophrenia.

The diet’s effects on bipolar disorder and autism spectrum disorder, however, have been mixed.

At Amen Clinics, we have seen the beneficial effects of the keto diet on some of our patients. For example, one woman visited Amen Clinics because she was struggling with a severe case of premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD).

In the days before her period, she would experience symptoms like mood swings, anger, irritability, and irrational behavior.

On SPECT scans, her brain showed extreme overactivity in the limbic system and anterior cingulate gyrus (ACG) right before her period. On brain scans, too much activity in the limbic system is associated with low moods, and heightened activity in the ACG is seen in people who tend to get stuck on negative thoughts and behaviors.

When she went on the keto diet, she noticed that her moods brightened significantly, and her other symptoms improved greatly. Her follow-up SPECT scans while on the low-carbohydrate diet showed calmer overall activity.

The interest in the keto diet as a treatment for mental health disorders is increasing. Currently, there are dozens of clinical trials underway exploring the effects of the keto diet on mental health conditions, such as bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, autism, clinical depression, anxiety disorders, psychotic disorders, eating disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), alcohol use disorders, Alzheimer’s disease, and more. 

THE KETO DIET AND MENTAL HEALTH: CONS

The keto diet isn’t right for everyone and there can be a few downsides when it comes to mental health and physical wellness.

  1. The keto diet may negatively impact gut health.

The traditional keto diet is low in dietary fiber, which can negatively impact gut bacteria. Fiber-rich foods are necessary to feed the good bacteria in our gut. Without enough fiber, their numbers can decrease, allowing the population of bad bugs to proliferate.

This can lead to trouble because the gut communicates with the brain in the synthesis of neurotransmitters, such as serotonin, which is important for healthy moods. Gut imbalances are associated with several mental health problems.

  1. The keto diet may lead to hormonal imbalances in women.

Because most of the research on the keto diet has been done on men (and quite a few lab rats), some of its effects on women remain unclear. Although the diet was effective for the woman with PMDD described above, it may not be helpful for all women.

In some women, consuming a keto-friendly diet may cause hormonal imbalances, which can interfere with healthy neurotransmitter production and contribute to mood disorders, anxiousness, and irritability.

  1. The keto diet may impair thyroid function.

Research on the keto diet’s effects on thyroid function is mixed. Some research, such as a 2017 study on children with epilepsy on a keto diet, suggest that following a ketogenic eating plan increases the risk of thyroid dysfunction.

Other studies have reported that thyroid levels have changed significantly in people on a keto diet while others found no changes in thyroid function.

This is important because the thyroid is a neurohormone, and if it is either underactive or overactive, it can contribute to symptoms associated with mental illness.

For example, when the thyroid is underactive (hypothyroidism), it can lead to symptoms of depression, attention problems, memory problems, and psychosis. An overactive thyroid is associated with anxiety, racing thoughts, difficulty concentrating, mania, and more.

Considering that the jury is still out on the keto diet and thyroid function, it is advisable for people with thyroid issues to consult with a healthcare professional before starting a keto plan.

IS THE KETO DIET RIGHT FOR YOUR BRAIN?

Be sure to check with your physician before starting a new diet plan. If you get the go-ahead, try it and see if it has a positive effect on your physical and mental well-being. If it does, stick with it. If it exacerbates any psychiatric symptoms, it may not be right for you.

Depression, anxiety, and other mental health issues can’t wait. At Amen Clinics, we’re here for you. We offer in-clinic brain scanning and appointments, as well as mental telehealth, clinical evaluations, and therapy for adults, teens, children, and couples. Find out more by speaking to a specialist today at 888-288-9834 or visit our contact page here.

Lady Gaga has never shied away from sharing the truth about her personal health issues and what she has called her “mental health crisis.” In 2018, while accepting an award from the SAG-AFTRA Foundation, she revealed that she had been diagnosed with fibromyalgia.

An autoimmune disorder, fibromyalgia causes pain and tenderness throughout the body. In some people, the pain can be so debilitating, it interferes with daily living.

“Chronic pain is no joke,” she said in an interview with Vogue.

In her acceptance speech at the SAG-AFTRA Foundation, she said the chronic pain she felt from the autoimmune disease was also accompanied by “panic attacks, acute trauma responses, and debilitating mental spirals that have included suicidal ideation and masochistic behavior.”

Lady Gaga is one of millions of Americans who struggle with both autoimmune disease and mental health issues.

In this blog, you’ll discover more about the link between these conditions, their root causes, why traditional treatment falls short, and better ways to treat them.

Having an autoimmune disease is associated with an increased risk of mood disorders, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, ADHD, and dementia.
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WHAT ARE AUTOIMMUNE DISORDERS?

Autoimmune diseases occur when the body’s immune system malfunctions, leading it to attack and destroy your own healthy tissues by mistake.

The immune system is your body’s natural protector. It is responsible for two main functions:

Your immune system carries out this important mission using the following methods:

Performing these functions at optimal levels helps keep you healthy. However, when your immune system’s defenses don’t perform their duties adequately, or your system’s tolerance level falls too low or becomes overwhelmed, it makes you more vulnerable to infections and diseases like cancer.

When your immune system is overactive or mistakes healthy tissue for troublemakers, it can lead to autoimmune disorders.

There are more than 100 different autoimmune disorders. These conditions include multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Crohn’s disease, psoriasis, Hashimoto’s thyroiditis, and type 1 diabetes.

Autoimmune disorders are associated with a wide array of signs and symptoms, including pain, fatigue, digestive issues, skin problems, swelling, and more.

Overall, autoimmune disorders affect more than 50 million Americans. Women account for nearly 80% of all cases.

AUTOIMMUNE DISORDERS AND MENTAL HEALTH DISORDERS

Many autoimmune illnesses are linked with psychiatric issues. In fact, over half of all individuals with autoimmune disorders also experience mental health problems, according to research published in Rheumatology.

In this 2023 study, researchers surveyed 1,853 patients with systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs), as well as 289 clinicians. They found that among SARD patients, 57% had anxiety and 55% had depression. In addition, 89% were struggling with fatigue and 70% were experiencing cognitive dysfunction.

Other research has found that having an autoimmune disease is associated with an increased risk of mental health issues, including:

THE ROOT CAUSES OF AUTOIMMUNE DISORDERS AND MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS

Researchers are still trying to pinpoint the exact causes of autoimmune disorders, but many factors can play a role in their development.

A growing body of evidence suggests that these factors are some of the same root causes associated with symptoms of mental illness. This helps explain why it is not uncommon for people like Lady Gaga—and perhaps you—to suffer from both autoimmune conditions and psychiatric issues.

WHY TRADITIONAL MEDICAL TREATMENT FALLS SHORT

The traditional treatment protocol for autoimmune disorders centers on suppressing the immune system with strong medications, such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, or anti-cancer drugs like methotrexate.

A doctor might give you one medicine to treat arthritis and another one for Crohn’s disease. And if you’re also suffering from depressive symptoms or ADD/ADHD, they may give you antidepressant medication or prescription stimulants to treat them. But this isn’t the best approach, and it can lead to unwanted side effects that make you feel worse.

A BETTER TREATMENT PLAN FOR AUTOIMMUNE DISEASE AND MENTAL WELLNESS

After helping over 100,000 patients at Amen Clinics over the past 30-plus years, it has become clear that there’s a better solution.

To get your immune system to stop attacking your body and start cooperating with it, you need to address the 11 major underlying risk factors that harm your brain, body, memory, and mental health.

In addition, you need to learn to love and care about your immune system. Here are some strategies to help you optimize it:

Putting these strategies into action can help re-balance your immune system to improve autoimmune disease symptoms as well as mental health symptoms.

In addition, it’s important to understand that your brain is involved in both autoimmune diseases and mental health problems.

The functional brain-imaging work at Amen Clinics using SPECT brain scans shows that both autoimmune disorders and mental health issues are associated with unhealthy activity in the brain.

Seeing areas of the brain where there is too much activity or too little activity can help guide mental health professionals in developing a more effective treatment plan.

If you’re struggling with one or more autoimmune issues as well as mental health problems, it’s critical to see a mental health professional. Choose one who understands that a person’s brain and biology impact mental health. 

Anxiety, depression, and other mental health issues can’t wait. At Amen Clinics, we’re here for you. We offer in-clinic brain scanning and appointments, as well as mental telehealth, clinical evaluations, and therapy for adults, teens, children, and couples. Find out more by speaking to a specialist today at 888-288-9834 or visit our contact page here

Are you a high achiever who inwardly struggles with feelings of worthlessness? Do you experience persistent low mood but still manage to show up for all of your responsibilities? Do you seem to be going through the motions of life, but no longer find pleasure in activities that used to bring you joy? People with high-functioning depression may appear to be OK, but they are not. They silently, invisibly, and persistently struggle internally with depressive symptoms.
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If you answered yes to any of these questions, it’s possible you have high-functioning depression. Indeed, you can show up to life, achieve, and appear “normal” but still suffer from depressed moods, repressed emotions, and negative thought patterns. Many of us have believed depression to be the one-dimensional depiction we see in the media. We imagine a depressed person being a sad, isolated individual, who may have trouble with hygiene, getting out of bed, and participating in activities. The truth is depression takes many forms, and it can look vastly different from this pervasive stereotype. People with high-functioning depression may appear to be OK, but they are not. They silently, invisibly, and persistently struggle internally with depressive symptoms. Here’s what you need to know about high-functioning depression, including symptoms, causes, and treatments.

WHAT IS HIGH-FUNCTIONING DEPRESSION?

High-functioning depression is a term used in some medical circles to describe depression that is hidden and allows people to perform daily, routine tasks. It’s typically less debilitating than clinical depression, also called major depressive disorder. In addition, it allows a person to live what appears to be a normal life, including maintaining relationships, performing at work, and more. Because individuals with high-functioning depression don’t appear “sick,” their depressive symptoms (ranging from mild to severe) can fly under the radar. Loved ones and even people who have the disorder may have a hard time identifying signs of depression. They may think some of their milder symptoms are simply character traits. The symptoms can persist for a long time, even years. There’s a kind of slow daily emotional suffering with high-functioning depression, not unlike living with a low-grade fever. An individual can show up to life and push through or even do well with a low-grade fever, but they are always struggling internally. It’s important to note that the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5) does not recognize high-functioning depression as a clinical mental health disorder. But if it were to be classified as an official type of mood disorder, it most closely resembles the diagnostic criteria for persistent depressive disorder (PDD), formerly called dysthymia disorder. People with PDD typically have depressed symptoms regularly for two years or more. In comparison, the symptoms for major depressive disorder (MDD) generally last for two weeks or more and can be more pronounced than with PDD. MDD is more episodic in nature, which makes symptoms easier to identify. Some mental health professionals consider high-functioning depression and PDD to be the same thing, while others reject this notion. They argue PDD symptoms can negatively affect a person’s well-being, job, social interactions, or other important areas of their life, which does not indicate “high functioning.” Other mental health professionals consider high-functioning depression to be episodes of depression that don’t rigidly fit into certain diagnostic signs and symptoms. There’s no way to know exactly how many U.S. adults may be dealing with high-functioning depression, but we can look to MDD and PDD statistics to get an idea. The National Alliance on Mental Illness reports that 8.3% of U.S. adults have a depressive episode annually. Statistics from the National Institute of Mental Health show that 1.5% of U.S. adults live with PDD (more than 3 million people).

 SIGNS OF HIGH-FUNCTIONING DEPRESSION

Although challenging to detect, the signs and symptoms of high-functioning depression are generally the same diagnostic symptoms of MDD and PDD, which include: Mental health professionals have observed these additional signs in many cases of high-functioning depression: To cope with internal distress, people with high-functioning depression may also exhibit the following behaviors:

CAUSES AND CONTRIBUTING FACTORS OF HIGH-FUNCTIONING DEPRESSION

There’s no one cause of this form of depression, but rather an amalgam of many factors contributing to its development. It can be triggered by a life situation or develop spontaneously. Common triggers include: There are a number of risk factors that increase the chances of developing this form of depression, including: If you were raised with certain messages or if you have certain personality traits, they may predispose you to develop high-functioning depression. Some examples include:

TREATMENT FOR HIGH-FUNCTIONING DEPRESSION

On a positive note, once depression is recognized in a high-functioning person, it can be addressed. Thankfully, depression is highly treatable. Knowing which of the 7 types of depression you have is one of the keys to getting the most effective treatment. Typically, a treatment plan includes a combination of strategies, such as: The first step is getting a psychiatric evaluation from a qualified mental health professional. High-functioning depression, depressive disorders, and other mental health issues can’t wait. At Amen Clinics, we’re here for you. We offer in-clinic brain scanning and appointments, as well as mental telehealth, clinical evaluations, and therapy for adults, teens, children, and couples. Find out more by speaking to a specialist today at 888-288-9834 or visit our contact page here. Have you seen a psychiatrist for a mental health disorder? Chances are, you walked out of their office with a prescription for antidepressants, anti-anxiety pills, or some other medication. The pharmaceutical revolution has consumed psychiatry for the past 50 years, but unfortunately, outcomes have not improved along with the enthusiasm. The pharmaceutical revolution has consumed psychiatry for the past 50 years, but unfortunately, outcomes have not improved along with the enthusiasm.
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One of the reasons why outcomes lag behind is that mental health professionals are working within the wrong paradigm. They continue to make diagnoses based on symptom clusters without any biological information. Mental healthcare providers typically ignore overall brain health and the 11 common risk factors that can contribute to problems.

POTENTIAL CONSEQUENCES OF PSYCHIATRIC MEDICATIONS

In some cases, psychiatric medications can be helpful. However, medications should never be the first and only thing you do to help your brain and your mind. There is so much more that can and needs to be done to overcome mental illness. Medication isn’t always the answer. In fact, brain SPECT imaging shows that some of the medications psychiatrists are taught to prescribe, especially benzodiazepines for anxiety and opiates for pain, are associated with unhealthy looking scans. In a healthy brain scan, activity and blood flow are full, even, and symmetrical. On brain scans, long-term use of benzos or painkillers is associated with decreased overall blood flow. Healthy SPECT Scan Healthy SPECT Scan                            Benzos SPECT Scan Benzos SPECT Scan Opiates SPECT Scan Opiates SPECT Scan In thinking of the principle all physicians are taught the first year of medical school “primum non nocere”—Latin for “first do no harm”—it’s important to look for less toxic options for people with mental health disorders.

5 PRINCIPLES FOR BETTER MENTAL HEALTH TREATMENT

In making treatment recommendations for patients, the team at Amen Clinics always keeps the following 5 principles in mind:
  1. First, do no harm.
  2. Use the least toxic, most effective, science-based treatments.
  3. Consider short-term pain versus long-term gain. This means don’t fix one problem just to cause another one.
  4. Don’t start people on something that they will have a hard time stopping just to cope with the depression or anxiety of the moment. For example, stopping anti-anxiety pills or antidepressant medications (such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, or SSRIs) can come with withdrawal symptoms in some individuals.
  5. Medications should never be the first and only thing people do. Until the mental health field understands this concept, we will never truly get well as a society.
All psychiatrists should adhere to these principles. If you’re suffering from mental health problems, be sure to seek out a professional who does.

NATURAL ALTERNATIVES FOR MENTAL HEALTH TREATMENT

Increasingly, research is finding that treatments from nature, including nutraceuticals (nutritional supplements) and phytoceuticals (plant-based medicines and herbal supplements), can be highly effective. This means you can find alternatives to anti-anxiety pills and alternatives to antidepressants. In some cases, you can treat depression and other issues without any medication. If you or a loved one is struggling with a mental health condition, it’s important to use natural tools. This is especially true if these supplements are science-based, effective, cheaper, and have minimal side effects. There is a growing body of scientific evidence to support the use of nutritional supplements for many mental health issues. Websites dedicated to the extensive science of nutraceuticals for health and wellness, including brain health and mental wellness, include: Based on the clinical science evidence, these sites often grade nutraceuticals on a scale of A through F. This is similar to the way they rate pharmaceuticals. For example, a few of the nutraceuticals with A-level or B-level evidence for mental health symptoms include: Although nutritional supplements can be beneficial, there is one major flaw in prescribing them. As with medications, nutraceuticals are generally recommended based on symptom clusters, rather than biology. One of the main lessons learned from the brain-imaging work at Amen Clinics—over 300,000 SPECT scans and growing—is that treatment is not one-size-fits-all. This is the case when it comes to medication, and it also holds true for natural treatments for mental health issues. Treatment with nutraceuticals and/or medications is much more effective when prescribed using biological information from brain scans. Seeing which areas of the brain have healthy blood flow and activity and which regions are low or high in activity helps psychiatrists develop more personalized treatmen plans.

WHEN PSYCHIATRIC MEDICATION IS NECESSARY

For more severe mental health disorders, such as schizophrenia or bipolar disorder, medications may be necessary. Medications often prescribed to treat these psychiatric conditions include antipsychotics and mood stabilizers. Even when medication is recommended, it’s a good idea to add other treatments for a more comprehensive plan. For example, taking foundational nutraceuticals—such as omega-3s, a multiple vitamin/mineral complex, and vitamin D—may provide additional support. This is in addition to taking action to prevent, reduce, or eliminate the 11 risk factors, such as: Interventions to support treatment include lab tests, helpful forms of psychotherapy, lifestyle changes, nutritional supplements, food recommendations, physical and mental exercises, and more. By supporting overall brain health in this way, people with mental health problems typically get better faster and have fewer relapses. Anxiety, depression, ADD/ADHD, and other mental health issues can’t wait. At Amen Clinics, we’re here for you. We offer in-clinic brain scanning and appointments, as well as mental telehealth, clinical evaluations, and therapy for adults, teens, children, and couples. Find out more by speaking to a specialist today at 888-288-9834 or visit our contact page here. What’s one of the most misunderstood, misdiagnosed, and maligned mental health disorders? It’s borderline personality disorder (BPD). Although only 1-2% of the general population has been diagnosed with BPD, this complex and challenging mental health condition has the potential to substantially impact both individuals and society. For example, studies note that up to 10% of these individuals die by suicide each year, a rate 50 times higher than the general population. BPD is associated with a range of additional consequences, including cognitive, mental, economic, and public health impairments. In fact, people with BPD comprise up to 20% of those undergoing inpatient psychiatric treatment and 10% of those in outpatient psychiatric care. Because the effects of BPD can be so widespread and possibly devastating, it’s important to learn more about the signs of borderline personality disorder, as well as its causes, diagnosis, and most effective treatments. Research shows that over 40% of people with borderline personality disorder have been previously misdiagnosed with another mental health condition.
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SYMPTOMS OF BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER

True to its name, BPD is a type of personality disorder, a category of mental illnesses characterized by abnormal and unhealthy thinking and behavioral patterns. Someone with borderline personality disorder may experience a distorted sense of self, troubled interpersonal relationships, and strong or extreme emotions, such as anger. People with borderline personality disorder may also experience persistent feelings of emptiness. They commonly engage in impulsive and self-destructive behaviors, like reckless driving, unprotected sex, gambling, binge eating, overspending, and substance abuse. Additional symptoms of borderline personality disorder include: These symptoms can make relationships challenging and interfere with school, work, and life as a whole. Left untreated, BPD can take a heavy toll on individuals as well as their loved ones.

BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER CAUSES AND PREVALENCE

In addition to the 1-2% of diagnosed cases, experts believe that many more Americans could have BPD—up to 15 million, or 5.9% of the population. Furthermore, this type of personality disorder often co-occurs with other mental health disorders. As many as 20% of those with BPD also have bipolar disorder, for example. Other conditions, like ADD/ADHD, depression, anxiety disorders, PTSD, eating disorders, and substance abuse problems, may also be present in those with BPD. Women are much more likely to be diagnosed with BPD; they make up about 75% of cases. But experts believe that borderline personality disorder often remains undetected in men, who are more likely to be diagnosed with conditions like PTSD and depression when they may have BPD. Regardless of gender, there are several causes of borderline personality disorder, including adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). People with the condition have often survived traumatic events, including physical, emotional, or sexual abuse, neglect, or abandonment, during their childhood. In other cases, genetics plays a role. People with a close family member who has the disorder are 5 times more likely to also have it. Additional factors are environmental. Toxins such as toxic mold, traumatic brain injuries, infections like Lyme disease, substance abuse, hormonal imbalances, and immune system issues can all impact brain function. Therefore, they may contribute to the mood and personality changes that are associated with the mental health condition.

DIAGNOSING BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER

According to The British Psychological Society’s Borderline Personality Disorder: Treatment and Management, a book referenced by the National Library of Medicine, BPD remains “one of the most contentious of all the personality disorder subtypes.” Part of the reason for this is its likelihood of co-occurring with other types of personality disorders. “Pure” borderline personality disorder is estimated to exist in only 3-10% of cases. Most commonly, it overlaps with other “Cluster B” personality disorders, which include histrionic personality disorder, narcissistic personality disorder, and antisocial personality disorder. And, as mentioned, BPD also frequently co-occurs with anxiety and mood disorders. It’s no surprise that research shows over 40% of people with BPD have been previously misdiagnosed with another mental health condition. Frequently co-existing disorders, as well as potential misdiagnosis among men, are just two reasons why it’s crucial to receive the proper diagnosis and treatment plan for borderline personality disorder. Another reason for misdiagnosis is the tendency of traditional psychiatrists to evaluate symptom clusters alone—without looking at the root cause of the issue, the brain. As with any mental health condition, borderline personality disorder is associated with imbalances in the brain. In decades past, these people might be labeled as “bad” or “difficult,” but modern diagnostic methods help reduce stigma. Neuroimaging, such as functional SPECT scans, help pinpoint the underlying brain patterns behind mental health conditions like BPD. On SPECT scans at Amen Clinics, which has built the world’s largest database of functional brain scans related to behavior, BPD is associated with abnormal activity in areas of the brain that regulate emotion, fear, and impulse control. One review of scientific studies on the neurobiology of the disorder published in Psychiatric Times points to several abnormalities in the BPD brain. For example, the research shows: These biological changes in the brain are linked to many of the symptoms seen in this personality disorder.

BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER TREATMENT

BPD, while considered a chronic condition, doesn’t need to be a life sentence. Despite the seriousness of borderline personality disorder, the recovery statistics are encouraging: One study found that after 10 years after treatment, 85% of patients experienced remission. Getting a functional brain scan, such as a SPECT scan, can help you get an accurate diagnosis, which leads to a more personalized treatment plan. By taking both the brain and body into account, your recovery process will be more effective. In some cases, medications may be prescribed. However, prescription drugs should never be the first or only line of defense. No medications are specifically formulated for borderline personality disorder, but antipsychotics, antidepressants, anxiolytics (anti-anxiety pills), and mood stabilizers may help address symptoms. In addition, there are many effective natural treatments for borderline personality disorder, including:

OVERCOMING BORDERLINE PERSONALITY DISORDER

A long list of serious side effects, from unstable relationships to suicide attempts, can accompany BPD. However, with the proper diagnosis and treatment, borderline personality disorder can result in positive outcomes more often than in common conditions like bipolar disorder or depression. Though setbacks or relapses may be part of the process, there is hope for BPD patients and their family members to heal over time and live healthy, happy lives. Borderline personality disorder and other mental health issues can’t wait. At Amen Clinics, we’re here for you. We offer in-clinic brain scanning and appointments, as well as mental telehealth, clinical evaluations, and therapy for adults, teens, children, and couples. Find out more by speaking to a specialist today at 866-510-0367 or visit our contact page here.