Understanding the Anxiety and Depression Types—Type 1: Pure Anxiety
Anxiety and depression are not single or simple disorders. The nervousness you feel may be very different than the panic or dread someone else experiences. But in traditional psychiatry and medicine, healthcare providers often lump people with these conditions into a single box with a cookie-cutter approach to treatment. But giving everyone who feels anxious or depressed the same treatment will never work.
Based on the brain SPECT imaging work at Amen Clinics, which has the world’s largest database of functional brain scans related to behavior (over 160,000 scans from 155 countries), as well as clinical experience with tens of thousands of patients over more than 30 years of practice, it has become evident that there are multiple types of anxiety and depression. Specifically, the neuropsychiatrists at Amen Clinics have identified 7 types of anxiety and depression.
This blog series will explore each type, including the common symptoms, brain SPECT findings, and effective interventions.
TYPE 1: PURE ANXIETY
Type 1: Pure Anxiety often results from overactivity in the basal ganglia, setting one’s “idle speed” on overdrive. Sufferers feel stirred up, anxious, or nervous. If you have Type 1: Pure Anxiety, you may feel uncomfortable in your own skin. Some Amen Clinics patients report feeling as though they could “climb the walls” or that they are “crawling out of their own skin.” You may be plagued by feelings of panic, fear, and self-doubt. It’s common to suffer from physical feelings of anxiety as well, such as muscle tension, nail-biting, headaches, abdominal pain, heart palpitations, shortness of breath, and sore muscles. Amen Clinics has identified 7 types of anxiety and depression. Type 1: Pure Anxiety often results from overactivity in the basal ganglia. It’s as if you have an overload of tension and emotion. The symptoms may be a consistently disruptive presence in your life, or they may come in unexpected waves. Irrational fears and phobias may also be a burden. If you’re like most people with this type, you may have a tendency to avoid anything that makes you anxious or uncomfortable, such as places or people that might trigger panic attacks or interpersonal conflict. People with Type 1: Pure Anxiety tend to predict the worst and look to the future with fear. You may be excessively shy or startle easily, or you may freeze in emotionally charged situations.12 COMMON SYMPTOMS OF TYPE 1: PURE ANXIETY
- Frequent feelings of nervousness or anxiety
- Panic attacks
- Avoidance of people or places due to a fear of having anxiety or panic attacks
- Symptoms of heightened muscle tension (headaches, sore muscles, hand tremor)
- Periods of heart-pounding, nausea, or dizziness
- A tendency to predict the worst
- Multiple persistent fears or phobias (such as dying or doing something crazy)
- Conflict avoidance
- Excessive fear of being judged or scrutinized by others
- Being easily startled or a tendency to freeze in anxiety-provoking or intense situations
- Shyness, timidity, and getting easily embarrassed
- Biting fingernails or picking skin
TYPE 1: PURE ANXIETY IN THE BRAIN
On SPECT scans, Pure Anxiety is associated with increased activity in the basal ganglia, seen on both concentration and resting studies. The basal ganglia are a set of large structures toward the center of the brain that surround the limbic system. They are involved with integrating feelings, thoughts, and movement, along with helping to shift and smooth motor behavior. Research suggests the basal ganglia are involved in forming habits. At Amen Clinics, we’ve noticed they are also involved with setting the body’s anxiety level. In addition, the basal ganglia help to modulate motivation and are involved with feelings of pleasure and ecstasy (which is why drugs like cocaine and methamphetamines work in this part of the brain). The integration of feelings, thoughts, and movement in the basal ganglia causes you to jump when you get excited, tremble when you’re nervous, freeze when you’re scared, or get tongue-tied when the boss is chewing you out. The basal ganglia allow for a smooth integration of emotions, thoughts, and physical movement, and when there is too much input, they tend to lock up. When the basal ganglia are overactive (as we have seen in the case of people with anxiety tendencies or disorders), people are more likely to be overwhelmed by stressful situations and have a tendency to freeze or become immobile (in thoughts or actions). Interestingly, some of the most highly motivated individuals we’ve scanned, such as entrepreneurs and corporate CEOs, have significantly increased activity in this part of the brain. We theorize that some people can use this increased activity in the form of motivation to become “movers” in society. [INSERT HEALTHY AND ANXIETY SCANS – ACTIVE SCANS]INTERVENTIONS FOR TYPE 1: PURE ANXIETY
In too many instances, people with anxiety turn to anti-anxiety medication as the first and only thing they do to calm their nerves. Unfortunately, prescription drugs for anxiety, such as benzodiazepines (“benzos”), come with troublesome side effects. For example, benzos are associated with decreased overall brain activity, and they’re habit-forming. In addition, research in the Journal of Clinical Neurology shows that taking them for long periods of time raises the risk of dementia by over 50%. Medications aren’t the only answer. In fact, there are many natural alternatives to anti-anxiety pills, including:- Diaphragmatic breathing—deep belly breathing whenever you’re feeling stressed or nervous
- Hand warming—learn to warm your hands using mental imagery
- Heart rate variability (HRV) training—enhance your HRV to lower anxiety
- Supplements—GABA, l-theanine, and magnesium soothe anxiousness
- Calming diet—eat more anti-anxiety foods
- ANT Therapy —learn to challenge the automatic negative thoughts (ANTs) that make you anxious
- Meditation and hypnosis—these practices calm stress and anxiety
- EMDR Therapy—EMDR (eye movement desensitization and reprocessing) helps overcome anxiety related to trauma
- Learning how to deal with conflict—handling issues rather than running from them helps keep anxiety in check
- Neurofeedback—this biofeedback technique can lead to greater relaxation
